稻草发酵过程理化性质变化及其作为栽培基质的研究

采用鸡粪和菜籽饼2种有机肥进行好气和好气+厌气2种方式发酵稻草, 好气发酵经过40d期间3次翻堆，4次高温阶段，可以达到预期腐熟度，好气+厌气发酵的腐熟速度较慢，经2个月才能达到预期效果；随发酵进程，堆料酌C/N比下降，EC值升高, 好气发酵变化经好气+厌气发酵更为剧烈；好气发酵料各养分含量比好气+厌气发酵料略高；堆料中氮、磷、钾、钙、镁的总含量随发酵均增大，各养分速效态含量除氮外均因发酵而增大；速效养分占总养分比率, 以钾最高，镁最低，随发酵进程，磷钾的速效态比率增大, 而氮钙镁的速效态含量下降；建议利用当地丰富的秸秆资源和寓畜粪便，进行好气堆制发酵，产品通过适当添加基质理化性质调理剂和填充料, 可以形成理化性质较良好的有机型基质。

Study on the physical and chemical characteristics changes of straw during its fermentation process and applied as a soilless growing media

Two kinds of organic manure, rape seed cake and chicken manure, were added to, the straw compiling compost by haing two kinds of fermentation methods, the first is aerobic fermentation and the second is 17 days of aerobic fermentation followed with anaerobic fermentation. There is no significant difference in the composing results between two kinds of organic manure. The result of the first fermentation method reached the expected decomposed degree after 40 day, with 4 high temperature phases and 3 times of turning over the compost, while the second method 2 months. The ratio of C/N of compost goes down and the EC value goes up with the proceeding of oumpiling, while that with the first fermentation method changes bigger than the second. The nuhrtion content of the composts with the first fermentation method is a little higher than that with the second,The total onteta of nitrogen, phosphonss, potassium, calnium, magneaium in the compeer go up in the process of compiling, and the available contents of phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium in the compost go up while nitrogen goes down. It is suggeslod the local abundance straw, chicken and livestock excreateat can be used as a good resource forleompost with the aerobic fermeatation method, and its product can be turned to nice media material after adding with some media characteristice adjuatmenl material and interstitial material.