华山松球果生命表研究

华山松是我国西南地区重要的造林树种之一,其球果从雌球花到球果木质化完成的整个发育过程中受到多种生物和非生物因素的影响.在云南省楚雄市紫溪山林场采种基地内球果死亡率达到47.6%,先后有败育、虫害、机械损失、冻害和鼠害5种致死因子导致华山松球果的脱落死亡.在5个致死因子中,虫害的致死力最强,致使球果死亡率达27.2%.由于虫害而损失的球果是其它致死因子造成落果总数的1.33倍.在种子园内造成落果的害虫主要有5种,1年生球果发育阶段,以球果花蝇和球果瘿蚊占主导地位;2年生球果发育阶段,微红梢斑螟的危害是造成落果的主要原因.

Study on Cone Life Table of Pinus armandii

Pinus armandii is one of important trees for afforestation in Southwest China, and the development of cones from the stage Of bud burst to cone lignification are interfered by many biotic and abiotic factors. The cone life table of P. armandii was built based on systematical tracking observation to the whole life history of the cone in Zixi Mountain Forest Base in Chuxiong City, Yunnan Province. During the whole growth phases from bud burst to cone lignification, the cone death percent is 47.6%. Runtishness, pest damage, mechanical loss, frost and rat damage are the 5 fatal factors that result in the death and loss of cone. Among the 5 factors, pest damage is an important and key factors which is the most effective that makes the death rate of cones to be 27.2%. The cone loss because of pest damage is 1.33 times more than that because of other factors. There are 5 important species in the P. armandii seed orchard . The damage of Strobilomyia sp. and Resselille sp. was dominant during the growth phases of 1-yearold cone, and the damage of Dioryctria rubella was the key factor which led to the cone death during the growth periods of 2-year-old cone.