不同氮磷钾配比缓释肥对夏蜡梅、美国蜡梅容器苗生长的影响

以夏蜡梅、美国蜡梅一年生苗为试验对象,在总施氮量相同的条件下,设4个施肥配比处理,研究不同施肥种类、施肥配比对夏蜡梅、美国蜡梅容器苗生长的影响。结果表明,各施肥处理间差异显著。与传统水溶性施肥相比,施用缓释肥可显著提高全株的磷、钾养分含量,促进夏蜡梅、美国蜡梅幼苗对磷、钾养分的吸收,实现苗木养分的平衡;相同施肥方式及施肥配比下美国蜡梅的形态指标及氮磷钾含量均高于夏蜡梅;且当氮磷钾配比为14-14-14、施氮量为1000 mg·株~(-1)时,夏蜡梅和美国蜡梅苗木生长效果均较好,苗高分别为23.50和30.40 cm,地径分别4.03和3.19 mm;总生物量分别为0.92和1.10 g·株~(-1);质量指数分别达到0.0927和0.0847;氮磷钾含量较高,夏蜡梅为23.38、4.39和28.23 mg·株~(-1);美国蜡梅为23.38、4.37和30.20 mg·株~(-1)。

Effects of slow-release fertilizer with different N, P and K ratios on the growth of potted Sinocalycanthus chinensis and Calycanthus floridus seedlings

In order to study the effect of slow-release fertilizer on the growth of one-year-old Sinocalycanthus chinensis and Calycanthus floridus, four fertilizer ratios was set up with the same N application rate. The effect of different fertilizers and in different ratios on the growth and nutrient contents of potted Sinocalycanthus chinensis and Calycanthus floridus seedlings was explored. The results showed that the difference among various fertilizer treatments was significant. Compared with the traditional water soluble fertilizer, applying slow-release fertilizer significantly increased P and K nutrient contents of the whole plant, promoted the absorption of P, K, and balanced the nutritional level in Sinocalycanthus chinensis and Calycanthus floridus seedlings. The morphoiogical index and N, P, K contents in Calycanthus floridus were higher than those in Sinocalycanthus chinensis under the same fertilization method with the same rate. Besides, when the ratio of N to P to K was 14:14:14 and the amount of N was 1000 mg per plant, the seedling growth of Sinocalycanthus chinensis and Calycanthus floridus was good. The heights and the ground diameter of the Sinocalycanthus chinensis and Calycanthus floridus seedlings were 23.50 and 30.40 cm, 4.03 and 3.19 mm, respectively. The biomass amounts were 0.92 and 1.10 g per plant, respectively. The quality index reached 0.0927 and 0.0847, respectively. N, P and K contents were relatively high, which were 4.39, 23.38, 28.23 mg, 4.37, 23.38 and 30.20 mg per plant in Sinocalycanthus chinensis and Calycanthus floridus, respectively.