广东硫铁矿区与硫酸厂区菜地和农作物重金属污染的对比研究

对粤西某硫铁矿区与硫酸厂周边菜地生长的毛豆、芋头、玉米和花生中Tl、Pb、Cu和Ni的含量进行了对比研究。结果表明，采矿区和利用硫铁矿生产硫酸厂区周边的菜地土壤的Tl和Pb含量分别为2.35~5.03和43.2~177.1 mg/kg；硫酸厂边菜地的4种农作物Tl总含量均分别高于采矿区和沉淀池周边菜地相应的农作物，且毛豆和芋头果实中Tl含量（1.15~4.08 mg/kg）高于德国食品卫生标准（0.5 mg/kg），毛豆果实中Pb含量则远高于我国食品卫生标准，对附近居民的身体健康有潜在危害；对Tl的富集系数由大到小依次为毛豆、芋头、玉米和花生，硫酸厂边菜地的毛豆、玉米和花生作物则分别对Pb、Cu、Ni表现出较强的富集能力。

Comparative study on heavy metal pollution by croplands and crops around a pyrite area and a sulfuric acid factory in Guangdong

This study was designed to comparatively investigate the contamination levels of heavy metal Tl, Pb, Cu and Ni in the crops (Soybean, Taro, Zea mays L. and Arachis hypogaea) grown in the vicinity of pyrite area and sulfuric acid plant in Guangdong Province, China.The results showed that soils in the cropland nearby the pyrite mining area and sulfuric acid plant using pyrite as raw material were contaminated by Tl and Pb, with the concentrations of 2.35~5.03 mg/kg and 43.2~177.1 mg/kg, respectively. The concentrations of Tl in the 4 kinds of studied crops grown on the cropland near the sulfuric acid plant were generally higher than the corresponding crops elsewhere. The fruits of Soybean and Taro had higher concentration of Tl (1.15~4.08 mg/kg) than the German safe limit for food (0.5mg/kg), and the Pb concentration in the Soybean fruit exceeded the China safe limit for food, endangering the health of local people. The bio-accumulation factor of Tl decreased in the order of Soybean, Taro, Zea mays L. and Arachis hypogaea. The Taro, Zea mays L. and Arachis hypogaea grown on the cropland near the sulfuric acid plant respectively displayed relatively strong accumulation capacity of Pb, Cu and Ni.