超级稻高产栽培施肥技术研究

通过大田试验，在中等肥力的土壤上研究不同施肥措施对超级稻生长的影响。2年4季的试验结果表明，以基施缓释肥和有机肥基础上增施配方肥的技术方案，可显著提高水稻根系的总根表面积、总根体积、总根尖数和有利于吸收养分的根长（直径0~0.3 mm），增强超级稻对养分的吸收转化能力，在一定程度上延缓了水稻生育后期群体的衰老速度，进而提高超级稻产量，在南方双季稻上获得每667m2产量646.2 kg、最高712.4 kg 的普遍高产水平曰通过施肥措施等栽培技术的改进可显著提升超级稻的增产潜力，达到稳定和提高粮食生产能力的目的。基于经济效益分析，超级稻施用水稻缓释肥，在获得适度高产条件下可提高种植效益，同时减少施肥人工投入，在经济上是合算可行的。

Study on techniques of high-yield cultivation and fertilization of super rice

Field experiment was conducted in medium fertility soil to study the effects of different fertilization measures on the growth of super rice. The results of four seasons on two years showed that the technology scheme of adding formula fertilizer on the basis of basal application of slow release fertilizer and organic fertilizer significantly enhanced the total root surface area, total root volume, total number of root tips of rice roots and was in favor of the root length (diameter 0-0.3 mm) for nutrient absorption, meanwhile, it increased the nutrient absorption and transfer ability of super rice, which postponed the senescence rate of populations in rice late growth to some extent, thereby increased the yield of super rice. Generally, double cropping rice could obtain the high yield level at 646.2 kg/667m2 on average and 712.4 kg/667 m2 at the maximum. The improvement of cultivation techniques by fertilization practice could significantly promote the yield - increasing potential of super rice, and achieve the aim of stabilizing and increasing food production capacity. Based on the economic benefit analysis, the application of slow -release fertilizer in super rice paddy was economically feasible to improve efficiency and to reduce the input of artificial cost under the condition of moderate yield.