响应面法优化枇杷花总黄酮超声波辅助提取工艺的研究

采用超声波辅助提取枇杷花中的总黄酮，研究超声波功率、乙醇浓度、提取温度、提取时间、液料比及提取次数对总黄酮提取得率的影响。根据单因素试验，选择在超声波功率80 W、一次浸提条件下优化提取工艺；采用Box-Behnken中心组合试验设计原理，设计4因素3水平试验，以响应面分析法优化乙醇浓度、提取温度、提取时间及液料比4个因素对总黄酮提取得率的影响。结果表明：当超声波功率为80 W时，枇杷花中总黄酮超声波辅助提取的优化工艺参数为：乙醇浓度47.33％、提取温度58.42 ℃、提取时间12.01 min、液料比（mL ∶ g）45.56 ∶ 1，在此条件下枇杷花总黄酮一次浸提的提取得率可达10.48％。

Optimization of Ultrasonic Extraction for Flavonoids from Loquat Flowers with Response Surface Methodology

This study aimed to optimize the ultrasonic extraction method for flavonoids from Loquat flowers with response surface methodology.Ultrasonic power,ethanol concentration,temperature,treatment time,ratio of solvent to material and treatment times to the extracting rate of flavonoids were studied.Based on the single factor experiments,80 w of ultrasonic power and single extraction were chosen to further study.The interactive effects of four crucial parameters,including ethanol concentration,temperature,treatment time and ratio of solvent to material,were studied by central composite(Box-Behnken) and were assessed by response surface methodology(RSM).The results showed that the optimal preparation process of flavonoids extraction was 47.33% of ethanol concentration(V/V) and 45.56 ∶ 1 of solvent to material rate(mL ∶ g) at 58.42 ℃ for 12.01 min under the ultrasonic power of 80 w.At this condition,the extracting rate of flavonoids from Loquat flowers could be up to 10.48% for a single extraction.