长江下游江段石油烃污染的风险评估

为了对长江下游江段石油烃污染进行风险评估,笔者从长江下游江段5个采样点采集的15个水样和25个鱼样的检测数据表明,水体石油烃暴露水平范围是0.02~0.21 mg/L,平均值是0.08 mg/L。基于物种敏感度曲线分布方法(species sensitivity distribution,SSD)的风险评估显示,5%的鱼类受到急性毒性影响的几率是0.72%,风险较低。捕获的鱼类内石油烃呈现不同程度的残留,范围是ND-30.07 mg/kg,均值为9.09 mg/kg。鱼体中石油烃残留量大部分没有超标,餐条的超标率为67%,食用长江下游江段捕获鱼类对人体健康风险较小。本研究风险评估可为保护长江渔业资源生态及水产品质量安全评估提供基础数据支撑。

Risk Assessment of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon Pollution in the Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River

The paper aims to evaluate the pollutant of TPH in the lower reach of the Yangtze River. 15 water samples (3 samples in each sample site) and 25 fish samples were collected to determinate the TPH in different samples. The results showed that: the concentration of TPH in water ranged from 0.02 to 0.21 mg/L with the average value of 0.08 mg/L, the result of risk assessment, based on SSD approach, showed that the influence chance on 5% fish was only 0.72%, namely, the risk was very low; the value of TPH in fish ranged from ND (no detected) to 30.07 mg/kg with an average value of 9.09 mg/kg; the majority of TPH residue in fish tissue did not exceed the standard limit, however, of all Hemiculter leucisculus, 67% samples exceeded the standard limit. In total, the dietary risk of aquatic product quality safety was very low. The paper provided detailed information to protect fish resource and ecology, and facilitated the management of aquatic product quality safety.