微生物菌肥对草原矿区排土场土壤微生物与土壤酶活性的影响

目的]研究施入微生物菌肥对土壤微生物数量及主要土壤酶活性的影响,为利用微生物菌肥改良草原矿区排土场恶劣土壤环境提供理论依据。方法]采用完全随机区组设计,设微生物菌肥2种施用方法、3种施用量,对不同施肥处理后土壤中可培养细菌、真菌、放线菌菌落数量进行测定,分析土壤过氧化氢酶活性、蔗糖酶活性、脲酶活性、碱性磷酸酶活性变化。结果]施用微生物菌肥土壤中可培养细菌、真菌、放线菌菌落数量均显著高于未施肥处理(p0.05);施用微生物菌肥土壤中脲酶、蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶活性比未施肥样地分别增加29.0%,92.6%,25.7%,75.7%;土壤可培养细菌、真菌、放线菌菌落数量与土壤酶活性之间有一定的相关性;在微生物菌肥沟施法与较大的菌肥施用量作用下土壤可培养细菌、真菌、放线菌菌落数量较高,土壤酶活性较强。结论]微生物菌肥添加使草原矿区排土场土壤中微生物菌落数量增加、土壤酶活性增强,施用微生物菌肥改善了原状土壤环境,增加了土壤肥力。

Effects of Microbial Fertilizer on Microorganism and Soil Enzyme Activity in Coal Mine Dump of Typical Steppe

Objective] To explore the effects of microbial fertilizers on soil microorganism numbers and soil enzyme activities, and provide theoretical basis for improving soil environment on coal mine dump of typical steppe.Methods] With a randomized complete block design on coal mine dump of typical steppe, two application methods and three fertilizing amounts of microbial fertilizer were set. Numbers of cultured bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes colonies were measured. Soil enzyme activity changes of urease, invertase, alkaline phosphatase and catalase were analyzed.Results] Beneficial micro floras in soil increased to large number with the addition of microbial fertilizer. Numbers of cultured bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes colonies were all significantly higher than those of CK(p<0.05). Soil enzyme activities were improved with the application of microbial fertilizer. Soil enzyme activities of urease, invertase, alkaline phosphatase and catalase increased by 29%, 92.6%, 25.7% and 75.7%, respectively, as compared to no microbial fertilizer. There was certain correlation between numbers of bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes colonies and soil enzyme activities. Numbers of cultured bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes colonies were higher than those of other combination and soil enzyme activities were enhanced under ditching and fertilizing with larger application amount.Conclusion] The study proved that addition of microbial fertilizer increased microorganism and soil enzyme activities significantly on coal mine dump of typical steppe, meanwhile it also improved the undisturbed soil environment and increased soil fertility.