不同有机物料配比对樱桃番茄生长和土壤养分的影响

以适宜宁夏栽植的"黄莺1号"樱桃番茄品种为试材,以常规生物有机肥(CK)为对照,设置不同有机物料添加基肥+腐殖酸(T1)、基肥+腐殖酸+豆饼(T2)、基肥+腐殖酸+豆饼+熟豆粉(T3)、基肥+腐殖酸+豆饼+熟豆粉+甜菊糖(T4)4个处理,研究了不同物料配比对番茄果实品质、土壤养分、土壤酶活性的影响,以期筛选出能有效提高樱桃番茄品质及有效改良土壤环境的有机物料配比。结果表明:相对CK,T1和T3处理株高的相对生长率显著提高,T2和T4处理显著降低了株高、茎粗、叶绿素含量和叶片数相对生长率;相对CK,各有机物料添加处理均显著增加果实可溶性固形物含量,提高果实糖酸比;相对CK,T1、T2、T3处理显著增加土壤EC,各有机物料添加处理土壤全氮含量,碳氮比无显著差异,T3处理显著增加了土壤有机质含量,T1和T3处理显著增加土壤速效磷含量22.36%和19.61%,T4处理显著增加了土壤速效氮含量57.98%;相对CK,T1和T4处理显著提高土壤蔗糖酶活性,T2处理显著提高土壤磷酸酶活性。通过主成分分析表明,综合得分为T3>T1>T4>CK>T2,即基肥+腐殖酸+豆饼+熟豆粉=5∶2∶5+5 kg·m^-3处理效果最优。

Effects of Different Organic Materials Composition on Plant Growth and Soil Nutrition of Cherry Tomato

‘Huangying 1’ cherry tomato variety was used as the experiment material,the soil treatments considered were,conventional biological organic fertilizer applied as control(CK),based on the basal,adding humic acid as T1,adding humic acid plus bean cake as T2,adding humic acid,bean cake and soybean powder as T3,adding humic acid,bean cake,soybean powder,and stevia sugar as T4.The experiment was aimed to study the effects of different material ratios on the fruit quality,soil nutrients,and soil enzyme activities,to select the optimal organic materials composition.The results showed that comparing CK,T1 and T3 significantly increased the relative growth rate of plant height.Plant height,stem diameter,chlorophyll content,and leaf number were all lower in T2 and T4 significantly.T3 and T4 significantly increased the content of soluble solids and the ratio of sugar to acid.Adding organic materials all could improve the solution,sugar-acid ratio than CK.On the contrast CK,T1,T2,and T3 all increased soil EC,adding organic materials did not change the soil total nitrogen,carbon-nitrogen ration,soil available P was increased by 22.36% and 19.61% in T1 and T3 respectively,soil available nitrogen was higher 57.98%,while soil sucrose activities accelerated with T1 and T4,T2 soil phosphatase activity promoted.Based on the principal component analysis showed that overall scores was T3>T1>T4>CK>T2,the ratio of basal,humic acid and bean cake was 5∶2∶5,meanwhile soybean powder was 5 kg·m-3 was the best treatment for high-quality cherry tomato production.