远志提取物的工艺、成分及抗氧化活性

以山西产地远志为试材,采用单因素和响应面试验的方法,研究了纤维素酶联合超声提取远志中活性物质的制备工艺,并对所制得的远志提取物成分及体外抗氧化活性进行分析,以期为远志药材的精深加工利用提供科学信息。结果表明:以远志药材中皂苷类成分为参照,远志活性物质的最适提取条件为加酶量1.2%(以药材质量计),酶解pH 3.6,酶解温度42℃,酶解时间63 min,乙醇浓度70%,超声温度30℃,料液比1∶30 g·mL^-1,超声功率200 W,超声时间15 min。该条件下远志总皂苷的提取率可达到2.228 0%,比传统回流法高26.5%。经分析推测,提取物是由8种糖酯类、2种口山]酮类和2种皂苷类组成,所得提取物具有良好的清除DPPH·、ABTS^+·能力和一定的总抗氧化能力,浓度为1.2 mg·mL^-1的提取物对DPPH·和ABTS^+·的清除率分别为97.13%和81.45%。使用纤维素酶-超声联合法制备远志提取物不仅时间短,且提取率高,适宜于大规模工业化生产,所得的远志提取物可用来开发抗氧化保健食品。

Preparation Process,Composition and Antioxidant Activity of the Polygala tenuifolia Extract

Taking the Polygala tenuifolia as the experimental material,the single factor and response surface method were used for exploring the optimal extraction technology of the active components from Polygala tenuifolia by cellulase and ultrasonic combined means.Meanwhile the components and antioxidant activities in vitro of the extract were analyzed,which may provide scientific information for the intensive processing and utilization of Polygala tenuifolia.The results showed that the optimal technological conditions were as follows represented by the saponins in the Polygala tenuifolia:the amount of enzyme was 1.2%(based on the amount of the Polygala material),pH was 3.6,the temperature of enzymolysis was 42 ℃,the time of enzymolysis was 63 minutes,the concentration of ethanol was 70%,the ultrasonic temperature was 30 ℃,the ratio of material to liquid was 1∶30 g·mL^-1,the ultrasonic power was 200 W and the ultrasonic time was 15 minutes.At these conditions,the extraction rate of the total saponins of Polygala tenuifolia could reach up to 2.228 0%,which was 26.5% higher than the conventional reflow method.The extract was suspected to be composed of 8 kinds of sugar esters,2 kinds of xanthones and 2 kinds of saponins.In addition,the extract showed good scavenging ability of DPPH· and ABTS^+·,and also was proved to have certain total antioxidant capacity.The clearance rates of DPPH· and ABTS^+· for extracts at a concentration of 1.2 mg·mL^-1 were 97.13% and 81.45%,respectively.The cellulase and ultrasonic combined method has the advantages of short extraction time and improved extraction rate,which makes it be appropriate to large-scale industrial production,and the obtained extract has the potential to be applied in the development of antioxidant health food.