黔产南沙参(Adenophora tetraphylla)种子适宜采收期

以黔产南沙参(轮叶沙参)为试材,应用随机试验与统计学方法,对不同采收时期的南沙参种子形态、产量、千粒质量、发芽率、发芽势与生理生化指标进行测定分析,以期探明南沙参种子采收适宜期,为南沙参种子质量标准的建立、良种选育、优良种苗的培育等研究奠定基础。结果表明:花凋谢后的15~25 d,南沙参种子大小增长最为迅速,之后种子大小的增长速度减缓;花凋谢后的10~20 d,种子发芽率变化不大,25~35 d迅速升高;千粒质量从花凋谢后25~30 d较高;35 d采收果实过程中种子极容易从果实开口脱落,平均果实种子数量显著降低;南沙参种子发育过程中含水量在花凋谢后30~35 d后变化幅度较小;种子可溶性糖含量在花凋谢后10~15 d变化不大,15~20 d后迅速上升,20~35 d维持不变;南沙参种子发育过程中超氧化物歧化酶活性在花凋谢后的第30天达最高。

Suitable Harvest Stage for Adenophora tetraphylla Seeds in Guizhou

A.tetraphylla from Guizhou was used as the test material.By using randomized trials and statistical methods,A.tetraphylla seed morphology,yield,1 000-grain weight,germination rate,germination potential and physiological-biochemical indexes in different harvesting stage were determined and analyzed.In order to reveal the suitable harvest time for A.tetraphylla seed in Guizhou,lays the foundation for establishment of the quality standard of A.tetraphylla seed,breeding and the cultivation of seedlings.The results showed that according to the observation,the seed size of A.tetraphylla increased most rapidly 15-25 days after the flowers withered,and the growth rate of seed size slowed down afterwards.The seed germination rate did not change at 10-20 days after the flowers withered,but increased rapidly at 25-35 days.The 1 000-grain weight was higher from 25-30 days after the flower faded.In the process of harvesting fruits on 35 days,the seeds were easily shed from the fruit openings,and the average number of seeds decreased significantly.The change range of water content in the seed development of A.tetraphylla was less than 30-35 days after the flower faded.The soluble sugar content of seeds did not change much 10-15 days after the flower faded,but increased rapidly after 15-20 days,and remained almost unchanged at 20-35 days.SOD activity reached its highest at 30 days after the flowers withered.