采煤沉陷区土壤重金属含量对土壤酶活性的影响

为探明煤矿沉陷区土壤受重金属污染情况,探讨重金属含量对酶活性的影响,以焦作韩王煤矿沉陷区为例,通过野外调查与采样和室内分析,研究煤矿沉陷区土壤中重金属累积特性与土壤酶活性的变化。结果表明:研究区土壤中重金属Cu、Zn、As、Mo、Hg、Pb、Cd等含量均高于对照小区的含量,且有明显的空间异质性;沉陷区各种酶活性大都低于对照点,其在空间分布上受重金属的影响,重金属Co、Ni对大多数酶有促进作用,As、Mo则对酶活性有抑制作用,重金属对酶活性的影响取决于重金属的类型与含量;在研究区,蔗糖酶对重金属污染较为敏感,表明蔗糖酶可作为评估煤矿沉陷区土壤环境质量变化的有效指标。

Influence of Heavy Metal Contents on the Activities of Soil Enzyme in Coalmining Subsided Area

In order to exploit the status of heavy metals including Cr,Mn,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Mo,Cd,Hg and Pb and correlate heavy metal contents to enzyme activities of mining soil samples in land subsidence in Jiaozuo Hanwang colliery,the accumulation characteristics of the heavy metal and soil enzymatic activity in land subsidence of coal mining were comparatively studied by field investigation and sampling analysis in the laboratory.The results indicated that the concentration of heavy metal Cu,Zn,As,Mo,Hg,Pb and Cd in study area was higher than that of the control area.And distribution and spatial characteristics of heavy metals had obvious spatial heterogeneity.The soil enzymatic activities in land subsidence areas were lower than in control area,and their spatial distribution were affected by heavy metals.Correlation analysis revealed that the enzymatic activities were prompted by Co and Ni,and restrained by As and Mo.The influence of heavy metals to enzyme activity depended on the content of heavy metals.The activities of invertase were sensitive to the heavy metals pollution in the study area,suggesting that invertase could be used as feasible indicators to assess change of soil environmental quality in coal mining subsidence area.