土壤制图中土壤类型配色模型构建与应用

在全国1∶5万土壤图集制图中,土壤类型的配色既需表现土类等高级类型的分布特征,也要表现土属等较低级类型的差别。我国土壤低级类型众多,且1∶5万基本比例尺图幅达2万余幅,采用传统人工设色方法进行土壤制图,不仅效率低,而且难以保持图幅间土壤颜色的协调一致性。针对这一技术难题,本研究采用图幅间相似配色方法和人机交互的设计思想,通过建立1个多层级管理色库、人工设置土壤类型的Q配色单元及其多个近似色系(色组),建立了Q配色单元的避让选色和区域土壤特征分析等5个组件模型,构建了土壤类型配色模型(SCO-Model)。该模型在大比例尺土壤制图中不仅反映了区域土壤的总体分布特征,也表达了土壤类型间的差异,特别是实现了大比例尺土壤制图中土壤类型的快速智能配色,大大提高了制图效率。

Construction of a color matching model for soil types and its application to soil mapping

In plotting a 1:50 000 soil map of China, color matching of soil types is required to manifest characteristics of the distribution of soil types or soil categories, higher in soil classification level than soil type, and to demonstrate, as well, differences between soil categories, low in soil classification level, like soil genera. As in soil classification, China has a huge number of low-grade soil taxons, and a 1:50 000 national soil map of China consists of at least 20 000 rolls of sectional soil maps, the use of the conventional manual coloring method in soil mapping is not only very low in efficiency, but also finds it hard to keep all these rolls of soil maps consistent in color. To solve this technical problem, a soil type color matching model (SCO-Model) was developed, based on the designing concept of human-computer interaction and the inter-roll similar color matching method, The SCO-Model consists of three major components: i) a multi-level management color table, ii) QC table for user to define color matching unit Q of soil types and 3 similar color systems or color groups for each Q, iii) five Sub-models, including a statistical analysis model for soil types, a threshold determination model for unit Q, a color selection model for unit Q, a calculating color-code model, and a browsing map model. Results show that the SCO-Model can not only manifest the characteristics of the overall distribution of soils in a region, and the differences between soil types, but also realize rapid intellectural color matching of soil types in large scale soil mapping.