兰州核不育小麦不育基因的遗传研究

利用石蜡切片显微观察、雄性不育基因遗传分析和缺体定位等方法．对兰州核不育小麦不育基因进行了遗传研究，以明确该不育基因的遗传学特性。显微观察发现，兰州核不育小麦不育系257A的不育花药各壁层组织在不同发育时期没有明显的结构发育异常现象，但不育花药的绒毡层及中层组织有延迟解体的趋势。257A与中国春等小麦品种的杂交F1结实率、F2和F1BC1代育性分离比率调查结果表明，该突变体材料不育性是受一对隐性核基因控制．不育性遗传稳定，不受小麦品种细胞质以及光、温等生态因子变化的影响。缺体分析将不育基因定位在4B染色体上。

Genetic Analysis on the Male Sterile Gene of Lanzhou Genic Male-Sterile Wheat

We studied the genetic characters of the male-sterile gene in Lanzhou Genetic Male-Sterile Wheat(LGMS) by cytological method, genetic analysis and nullisomic analysis. Pollen abortion processes of the mutant male sterile line 257A were comparatively investigated with cytological method. It was concluded that there were no distinct structural differences between male sterile line 257A and its corresponding male-fertile line 257B during the stage of anther development, pollen abortion occurres after the period of dikaryophase, and the disintegration process in the taptum intercellular layer tissue of sterile anthers was retarded. Genetic analysis indicated that the the male sterility in this mutant was controlled by a pair of recessive genes and genetic stability of the male sterility wasn't influenced by different wheat cytoplasm and environmental factors like photoperiod and temperature. Nullisomic analysis showed that the male sterile genes located in the chromosome 4B of wheat.