Tracking the potato late blight pathogen in the atmosphere using unmanned aerial vehicles and Lagrangian modeling |
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Authors: | Donald E. Aylor David G. Schmale IIIElson J. Shields Maria NewcombCarmen J. Nappo |
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Affiliation: | a Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, P.O. Box 1106, New Haven, CT 06504, United States b Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0390, United States c Department of Entomology, Comstock Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States d CJN Research Meteorology, Knoxville, TN 37919, United States |
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Abstract: | A means for determining the aerial concentration, C (sporangia m−3), of plant pathogenic spores at various distances from a source of inoculum is needed to quantify the potential spread of a plant disease. Values of C for Phytophthora infestans sporangia released from an area source of diseased plants in a potato canopy was quantified in three ways: (1) by using Rotorods to sample the air just above the source, (2) by using unmanned aerial vehicles to sample the air at altitudes up to 90 m above the source and at downwind distances up to 500 m from the source, and (3) by using a Lagrangian stochastic simulation of sporangia flight trajectories to tie these two measurements together. Experiments were conducted using three potato crops over two years. Model predictions of time-average, crosswind-integrated concentrations were highly correlated (r = 0.9) with values of C measured using the unmanned aerial vehicles. The model describes the release and dispersal of sporangia from a potato canopy to a downwind distance of 500 m. Thus, it may have utility as a part of an area-wide decision support system by helping to predict risk of disease spread between neighboring or distant potato fields. |
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Keywords: | Aerobiology Atmospheric spore transport Disease forecasting Inoculum source strength Potato late blight Phytophthora infestans Modeling Spore dispersal Turbulence Upper air sampling |
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