5个乌骨鸡品种线粒体 ND6基因遗传多样性及系统进化分析

采用PCR扩增与核酸测序技术相结合的方法对5个乌骨鸡品种(丝羽乌骨鸡、东乡绿壳蛋鸡、金湖乌凤鸡、余干乌骨鸡和竹丝鸡)线粒体DNA的 ND6基因全序列进行检测。结果表明：5个乌骨鸡品种的 ND6基因序列全长为522 bp，共计检测到8个核苷酸多态位点，界定8个单倍型，单倍型多样性、核苷酸多样性和平均核苷酸差异分别为0.720±0.012、0.002 91±0.000 92和1.518。中介网络图分析显示，5个乌骨鸡品种单倍型呈星状发散分布。系统发育分析发现，丝羽乌骨鸡单独聚为一支，其他品种乌骨鸡聚为一支。遗传距离分析表明，竹丝鸡和丝羽乌骨鸡遗传距离较远，母系来源不同。该研究结果为中国乌骨鸡遗传资源的种质保护、品种选育和鉴定工作提供参考。

Genetic Diversity and Phylogenetic Analysis of mtDNA ND6 Gene of Five Breeds of Black Bone Chickens

In this study,combination of PCR amplification method with nucleic acid sequencing technology was used to detect the complete mitochondrial DNA ND6 sequences of five breeds of black bone chicken (Silkie,Dongxiang Blue-eggshell,Jinhu Black-bone,Yugan Black-bone and Zhu Si).The results showed that the full-length of chicken ND6 gene of five breeds of black bone was 522 bp.A total of 8 variable sites were identified,which could define 8 haplotypes.The differences in haplotype diversity,nucleotide diversity and mean number of nucleotide were 0.715±0.018,0.001 23±0.000 54 and 1.404,respectively.The median network diagram exhibited that the haplotype of breeds of 5 black bone chicken presented a star-shaped divergent distribution.Phylogenetic analysis showed that Silkie breed clustered into one branch,and other black bone breeds clustered into another branch.According to the data of genetic distance analysis,Zhusi and Silkie had a long genetic distance,which had different maternal origin.The results of this study will provide a reference for the preservation,improvement and identification of Chinese black bone chickens.