陇州奶牛育种目标性状选择及经济权重测算

通过对目前陕西省陇县陇州奶牛的乳用性状、生长发育性状、次级性状、饲养管理费用、能量需要及饲料含能量等方面数据的分析，利用差额法计算了3类性状中7个育种单性状的边际效益，并通过对其标准化求得各性状的相对经济权重。结果表明，在3类性状中，生长发育性状、次级性状和乳用性状的相对经济权重比为54.22%∶23.9%∶21.88%，约为2∶1∶1；7个育种单性状中，日增重、乳脂量、配妊时间、生长能力、胴体品质、使用寿命、乳房炎发病率的相对经济权重分别为47.99%、21.88%、20.76%、4.14%、2.09%、1.78%和1.36%。研究结果认为，生长发育性状占总经济权重最高，其次为次级性状和乳用性状，说明陇州奶牛在向乳用方向选育的过程中，乳用性状和生长发育性状的选择具有重要意义。

Selection Objective Traits and Estimation Economic Weights for Longzhou Cows

This research analyzed the data of milk traits, and growth capability, secondary traits, and costs of feed and management, as well as energy need, and energy-containing of feedstuff of Longzhou cows in Longcounty of Shaanxi province.The marginal profit and relatively economic weight for seven breeding objectives of three traits are calculated by using the balance method.The ratio of relevant economic importance of the three kinds of growth capability, secondary traits and milk traits is 54.22%,23.9%:21.88%.The ratios of relevant economic importance of the seven objective daily gain, milk fat ratio, breeding time, growth capability, carcass quality, available life, incidence of mastitis were 47.99%,21.88%20.76%,4.14%,2.09%,1.78%,and 1.36%.The results showed that growth traits occupy larger economic weight, better than secondary traits and milk traits.This indicates that it is important to select growth traits in the selection process of Longzhou cows as milk cattle.