稻鸭共育对病虫草害及经济效益的影响

[目的]研究稻鸭共育对稻田病虫草害及经济效益的影响。[方法]调查稻鸭共育处理、常规栽培处理及对照处理的杂草、纹枯病及虫害发生情况,并比较分析3种处理下的产量及经济效益。[结果]共育处理杂草平均发生数较常规处理和对照分别减少2.33和52.08 ind/m2;共育处理对稻飞虱的控虫率平均为75%,但对稻纵卷叶螟和二化螟的控制率仅为25%~60%;共育处理水稻纹枯病病蔸率和病株率较高,病情指数较低;共育处理产量与常规处理一致,远高于CK;共育处理稻田的经济效益显著增加,但成本收益率较低。[结论]稻鸭共育利用鸭子在田间的捕食和活动,对水稻病虫草害和经济效益产生了积极影响。该研究可为稻鸭共育的推广提供依据。

Effects of Rice-duck Mutualism on Diseases Insect Pests and Weeds and Economic Benefits

[Objective] Study on the effects of rice-duck mutualism on weeds and insects pests and economic benefits of paddy field.[Method] Comparison of the incidence of weeds,sheath blight and insects pest under rice-duck mutualism,conventional cultivation and control treatment,the yield and economic benefits were analyzed under the 3 treatments.[Result] Average occurrence of weeds in rice-duck mutualism group decreased by 2.33 and 52.08 ind/m2 compared with that in conventional cultivation and control treatment;the control rate of mutualism was up to 75% against rice hopper,but just between 25%-60% against rice leaf roller and Chilo suppressalis.The rates of diseased plant and diseased holl against rice sheath blight were higher and disease indices were lower compared with control group.The yield of mutualism group was identical with conventional cultivation,which was greatly higher than that of control group.The results suggested an higher economic benefits and lower cost benefit ratio for rice-duck mutualism treatment.[Conclusion] Rice-duck mutualism gives birth to a positive effect to control the diseases,insect pests and weeds,as well as to economic benefits,providing basis on extension of rice-duck mutualism system.