论我国农业的结构演化与功能拓展

为了探索我国农业发展的相关规律性，按照我国不同时期的农业发展特点，将我国农业发展大致分为传统时期、计划体制时期、家庭承包经营时期等几个阶段，拟从农业结构演化的角度研究各阶段农业功能的拓展，并就我国现代农业的结构优化与功能拓展进行分析与研究。研究表明：我国传统时期农业的结构围绕着养活人口进行粮食生产而展开，农业的功能体现的是生存水准之上的经济功能；计划体制时期，我国农业形成了种植业主导农业、粮食主导种植业的单一结构模式，农业执行着生存水准之上和生活水准之上的混合经济功能；家庭承包经营时期，我国农业的产业结构逐渐多元化与优化，但农业作为产业水准的经济功能发展仍受很大的障碍。我国现代农业的结构演化必须朝向集约化、规模化方向发展；农业的生态功能、社会功能地位逐步显现．农业生产El益呈现出多功能性．

Discussion on Structure Evolution and Function Expansion of Agriculture in China

According to the characteristics of agricultural development during different periods, agricultural development was basically divided into traditional period, planning system period and household contracting pedod to discuss the related laws of agricultural development in China. The agricultural function expansion during different periods was analyzed in terms of agricultural structure evolution, while structural optimization and function expansion of modem agriculture in China were also studied. The results indicated that during the traditional period, agricultural structure emphasized feeding people and grain production while agricultural function reflected the economic function beyond surviving standard. During the planning system period, a unitary structural mode of agriculture was formed in China, which showed that agriculture was dominated by planting industry and planting industry was dominated by grain, while agriculture executed the mixed economic function beyond surviving and liv- ing standard. During the household contracting period, the industrial structure of agriculture in China gradually became diversification and optimi- zation, but as the economic function of industrial standard, agricultural development was still greatly inhibited. The structural evolution of modem agriculture in China must step forward towards collectivization and scale merit, while ecological function and social function of agriculture increas- ingly become important and the function of agricultural production becomes mere and more diverse.