矿质元素配比对红富士苹果树光合特性的影响

为明确矿质元素肥料配比对红富士苹果(Malus domestica cv. Fuji)树叶片的光合特性的影响，为其在生产中的合理使用提供理论依据，以成年的红富士苹果树为试验品种，针对铁、锌、硼、镁、钙这五种元素对其叶片的叶绿素含量、净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度开展了田间试验。结果表明：成年盛果期红富士苹果树每株施用铁肥30g可以显著提高叶绿素含量；每株施锌80g+镁50g+钙150g可以提高净光合速率和蒸腾速率；每株施锌40 g+镁50 g+钙150 g可以显著提高叶片气孔导度，硼对红富士苹果光合特性不明显。分析得出提高苹果果树叶片光合特性的最佳组合是铁（0g/株）+锌（40g/株）+镁（50g/株）+钙（150g/株）。

Effects of Mineral Elements Formulas on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Red Fuji Apple Trees

To explore the influences of mineral elements formulas on yield ,the content of chlorophyll,leaf photosynthesis rates ,transpiration rates and stomatal conductance of Red Fuji apple trees was conducted in two years. Results showed that the optimal quantity offertilization of improving the content of chlorophyll was Fe 30g each tree. The optimal quantity offertilization of improving the leaf photosynthesis rates and transpiration rates were Zn 80g，Mg 50g and Ca 150g each tree. The optimal quantity offertilization of improving stomatal conductance of Red Fuji Apple Trees were Zn 40g、Mg 50g and Ca 150g each tree. The influences of B on photosynthetic characteristics of Red Fuji apple trees was insignificant.Consequently, The optimal quantity offertilization of improving photosynthetic characteristics of Red Fuji apple trees were Fe 0 g、Zn 40g、Mg 50g and Ca 150g each tree.