中国长城沿线生态破坏的特点及保护对策

中国长城沿线位于暖温带与温带的过渡地区,自东向西分别为半湿润气候、半干旱气候、干旱气候;地形地貌又多变化;因此生态脆弱。由于各种原因,中国长城沿线生态破坏严重,其中东段以水土流失为主,生态破坏的比较严重;中段则水土流失和风沙并重;生态破坏严重,西段以风沙侵蚀为主;生态破坏很严重。中国长城沿线生态保护应以科学发展观为指导,因地制宜,保持水土及防沙治沙,宜林则林,宜草则草,工程措施与生物措施相结合,人工治理与自然恢复相结合。

Ecological Damage Characteristics Along the Great Wall of China and Protective Measures

The areas along the Great Wall of China lie in the twilight zones between the warm temperate zone and the temperate zone,respectively subhumid climate,semiarid climate and arid climate from east to west with various topographies and geomorphies.Therefore the ecological environment is flimsy.Ecological environment along the Great Wall of China is badly damaged.The eastern part focuses around soil and water loss and the damage is comparably serious;the middle part is based on both soil and water loss and sandstorm,ecological damage is serious;the damage of western part mainly with wind and sand erosion is very serious.The ecological protection of the Great Wall line of China should be under the guidance of the views of scientific development and adjust measures to local conditions,correct torrent and control the sand.Plant trees and grasses where it is suitable.Also engineering measures should be combined with biological measures,artificial regulation with self-recovery.