一株解淀粉芽孢杆菌的特性及抑菌活性研究

试验旨在对一株牛瘤胃源解淀粉芽孢杆菌的生长曲线、耐酸性和耐胆酸盐性等特性进行分析,同时对该菌发酵产物的抑菌活性和抑菌活性稳定性进行测定。采用生长速率法测定该菌生长曲线,活菌计数法测定耐酸性和耐胆酸盐性等特性,牛津杯法测定抑菌活性和抑菌活性稳定性。结果显示,该菌生长4 h时进入对数生长期,20 h后生长趋于稳定,进入生长稳定期;同时该菌表现出较好的耐酸性,在pH 3.0~7.0时存活率为23.8%~90.6%;有较好的耐胆酸盐性,在0.1%~0.4%的胆酸盐中存活率为64.2%~83.6%。以大肠杆菌（Escherichia coli）、副溶血弧菌（Vibrio parahemolyticus）、藤黄八叠球菌（Sarcina lutea）和产气杆菌（Aerogenes）等细菌和黑曲霉（Aspergillus niger）、黑根霉（Rhizopus nigricans）等霉菌作指示菌进行抑菌试验发现,该菌的发酵产物具有抑菌活性,同时其抑菌活性物质的耐热性和耐酸性较好。本试验通过对该解淀粉芽孢杆菌的特性进行研究发现,该菌具有耐酸、耐胆酸盐等特性;其抑菌活性及抑菌稳定性较好,具有耐酸碱及耐高温特性。

Study on the Characteristics and Antibacterial Activity of a Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

The aim of the experiment was to analyze the growth curve,acid resistance and bile acid salt tolerance of a strain of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens from rumen,and to determine the bacteriostasis activity and antibacterial activity stability of the fermented product of the strain.The growth curve of the strain was determined by growth rate method,the viable count method was used to determine the acid resistance and bile acid salt tolerance,and the antibacterial activity and antibacterial activity stability were determined by the Oxford cup method.The results showed that the bacteria entered the logarithmic growth phase after 4 h of growth and tended to be stable after 20 h of growth and entered the stable growth phase.At the same time,the bacteria showed good acid resistance,and the survival rates were 23.8% to 90.6% at pH 3.0 to 7.0;And the bile acid salt tolerance was better,and the survival rates were 64.2% to 83.6% in bile acid concentration of 0.1% to 0.4%.Bacteria such as Escherichia coli,Vibrio parahemolyticus,Sarcina lutea and Aerogenes,and fungi such as Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus nigricans, as bacteriostatic indicator bacteria for antibacterial test,and the results showed that the fermentation products of the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens showed antibacterial activity,and its antibacterial active substance had good heat resistance and acid resistance.In this experiment,the properties of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens were studied and it had the properties of acid resistance and ile acid salt tolerance;The bacteriostatic activity and bacteriostasis stability were good,and the bacterium had acid and alkali resistance and high temperature resistance.