嗜酸乳杆菌发酵中药对产肠毒素大肠杆菌K88所致腹泻的防治作用

本试验旨在研究嗜酸乳杆菌发酵中药对产肠毒素大肠杆菌（enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli,ETEC）K88所致腹泻小鼠的影响。选取6~8周龄巴比西小鼠（BALB/c）100只,分为4组,分别为空白对照组（Ⅰ组）、大肠杆菌感染模型组（Ⅱ组）、中药发酵组（Ⅲ组）及中药水提组（Ⅳ组）,其中Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组小鼠均用"抗生素+大肠杆菌"模式造模。Ⅰ、Ⅱ组饲喂不含任何药物的基础日粮,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组分别在基础日粮中添加10%中药发酵液、10%中药水提液。统计分析各组小鼠腹泻率、腹泻指数、免疫器官指数、肠道菌群及细胞因子IFN-γ、IL-4的含量。结果显示,ETEC K88感染小鼠36 h后,与Ⅱ组相比,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组小鼠腹泻指数（P < 0.05）与腹泻率降低,且Ⅲ组腹泻指数显著低于Ⅳ组（P < 0.05）,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组盲肠内大肠杆菌数量较Ⅱ组降低,双歧杆菌及乳酸菌数量提高,且Ⅲ组效果更优;Ⅲ、Ⅳ组的免疫器官指数均高于Ⅰ和Ⅱ组,且与Ⅱ组相比,Ⅲ组的脾脏指数、胸腺指数及肝脏指数分别提高了48.37%、29.57%、36.88%,且差异均显著（P < 0.05）;Ⅲ、Ⅳ组IFN-γ/IL-4比值较Ⅱ组提高,且Ⅲ组高于Ⅳ组。综上所述,乳酸菌发酵中药液具有降低腹泻小鼠腹泻率及腹泻指数,提高免疫器官指数,维持肠道菌群平衡及快速消除体内炎症反应等作用,可为开发防制ETEC所致的仔猪腹泻产品提供参考。

Effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus Fermentated Traditional Chinese Medicine on Diarrhea Induced by Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus fermented traditional Chinese medicine on diarrhea mice induced by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) K88.100 6-8 weeks old BALB/c mice were chosen and divided into 4 groups:Groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ.Group Ⅰ was the blank control group,while the mice in groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were induced by ETEC K88.The mice in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were fed with basal diet without any medicine,while that in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ were fed with basal diet supplemented with 10% traditional Chinese medicine fermentation liquor and 10% traditional Chinese medicine aqueous extract,respectively.The diarrhea rate,diarrhea index,immune organ index,intestinal flora and cytokine IFN-γ and IL-4 level were statistically analyzed.The results showed that,after 36 h of K88 infection,the diarrhea index (P < 0.05) and diarrhea rate of groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ were decreased compared with group Ⅱ,and the diarrhea index of group Ⅲ were significantly lower than group Ⅳ (P < 0.05),and the number of Escherichia coli in the cecum was decreased,while the number of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus bacteria were increased.The immune indexes of groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ were higher than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ.Compared with group Ⅱ,the spleen index,thymus index and liver index of group Ⅲ were increased by 48.37%,29.57% and 36.88%,respectively (P < 0.05).Compared with group Ⅱ,the IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio of groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ was increased,and that of group Ⅲ was higher than group Ⅳ.In conclusion,Lactobacillus acidophilus fermented traditional Chinese medicine could reduce the diarrhea rate and diarrhea index,improve the index of immune organs,maintain the balance of intestinal flora and eliminate the inflammatory reaction in diarrhea,providing reference for the development of products for piglet diarrhea induced by ETEC.