真姬菇菌糠碱贮效果研究

为了研究真姬菇菌糠碱贮效果，试验采用CaO、Ca（OH）₂、CaO+3%尿素及Ca（OH）₂+3%尿素4种碱贮处理，每种处理碱（CaO或Ca（OH）₂）的添加量设3%、4%、5%及6% 4个水平，分别为CO3、CO4、CO5、CO6，CH3、CH4、CH5、CH6，COU3、COU4、COU5、COU6，CHU3、CHU4、CHU5、CHU6，每个水平4个重复，2个空白组，1组空白（CK）仅为真姬菇菌糠，另1组空白（CKU）为真姬菇菌糠+3%尿素，室温下碱贮30 d。结果表明：CO3、CO4、CO5、CO6组酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）和游离棉酚含量较CK组分别降低8.61%、12.69%、13.74%、16.63%和29.58%、33.92%、39.04%、41.31%，CO5、CO6组中性洗涤纤维（NDF）、酸洗木质素（ADL）含量较CK组显著降低（P<0.05），可降解细胞壁（CB₂）和相对饲喂价值（RFV）较CK组显著提高（P<0.05）；CH3、CH4、CH5、CH6组ADF和游离棉酚含量较CK组分别降低7.30%、10.90%、13.90%、17.14%和28.47%、32.69%、40.48%、43.59%，CH5、CH6组NDF、ADL含量较CK组显著降低（P<0.05），CB₂和RFV较CK组显著提高（P<0.05）；COU3、COU4、COU5、COU6组NDF、ADF和游离棉酚含量较CKU组分别降低6.72%、8.86%、9.78%、12.10%；14.63%、16.37%、18.19%、20.21%及5.49%、14.24%、23.63%、24.66%，RFV提高18.97%、23.19%、25.86%、30.79%；CHU3、CHU4、CHU5、CHU6组NDF、ADF、ADL和游离棉酚含量较CKU组分别降低8.34%、11.87%、14.08%、16.97%，11.94%、15.19%、18.21%、19.06%，7.40%、14.93%、19.47%、19.30%和6.84%、15.60%、22.39%、24.10%，RFV提高18.88%、26.20%、34.00%、37.88%。CaO与Ca（OH）₂碱贮效果相近，添加3%尿素碱贮较CaO或Ca（OH）₂直接碱贮效果更佳，且可长期保存。

Study on Alkali Storage Effect of Spent Mushroom (Hypsizygus marmoreus) Substrate

In order to study the effect of alkali storage on spent mushroom substrate,CaO,Ca (OH)₂,CaO+3% urea and Ca(OH)₂+3% urea were adopted in the experiment.Each treatment of alkali (CaO/Ca(OH)₂) had four levels (3%,4%,5% and 6% additive amount),that was named CO3,CO4,CO5 and CO6;CH3,CH4,CH5 and CH6;COU3,COU4,COU5 and COU6;CHU3,CHU4,CHU5 and CHU6,with 4 replicates per treatment.There were 2 blank groups,one group (CK group) was only spent mushroom substrate,the other one (CKU) was added 3% urea in spent mushroom substrate.Alkaline storage were fermented for 30 d at room temperature.The results showed that compared with the CK group,the content of ADF and free gossypol in CO3,CO4,CO5 and CO6 groups decreased 8.61%,12.69%,13.74%,16.63% and 29.58%,33.92%,39.04%,41.31%;The contents of NDF and ADL in CO5 and CO6 groups were significantly decreased,while the CB₂ and RFV were significantly increased (P<0.05).Compared with the CK group,the content of ADF and free gossypol in CH3,CH4,CH5 and CH6 groups were decreased 7.30%,10.90%,13.90%,17.14% and 28.47%,32.69%,40.48%,43.59%,respectively;The contents of NDF and ADL in CH5 and CH6 groups were significant decreased,while the CB₂ and RFV were significant increased (P<0.05).Compared with the CKU group,the contents of NDF,ADF and free gossypol in COU3,COU4,COU5 and COU6 groups decreased 6.72%,8.86%, 9.78%,12.10% and 14.63%,16.37%,18.19%,20.21% and 5.49%,14.24%,23.63%,23.66%;RFV increased 18.97%,23.19%,25.86%,30.79%,respectively.Compared with the CKU group,the contents of NDF,ADF,ADL and free gossypol in CHU3,CHU4,CHU5 and CHU6 groups decreased 8.34%,11.87%,14.08%,16.97% and 11.94%,15.19%,18.21%,19.06% and 7.40%,14.93%,19.47%,19.30% and 6.84%,15.60%,22.39%,24.10%,RFV was increased 18.88%,26.20%,34.00%,37.88%, respectively.The effect of CaO and Ca(OH)₂ alkali storage was similar.Adding 3% urea alkali to storage much more better than adding CaO or Ca(OH)₂,and it could be preserved for a long time.