青海省绵羊品种与引进品种先天性免疫研究

为研究青海本地绵羊品种与引进品种的先天性免疫水平和品种特性，本研究选取青海省不同海拔地区的2个本地品种（欧拉羊、白藏羊）和1个引进品种（无角道赛特羊）共186只绵羊，采集新鲜血样，进行血常规检测（白细胞数（WBC）、红细胞数（RBC）、平均红细胞血红蛋白（HGB）、红细胞压积（HCT）、平均红细胞体积（MCV）、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度（MCH）、血红蛋白浓度（MCHC）、血小板（PLT）、红细胞分布宽度（RDW-CV）、淋巴细胞百分比（LYM%））；制备血清，用绵羊ELISA试剂盒测定白介素-1（IL-1）、白介素-2（IL-2）、白介素-6（IL-6）、白介素-18（IL-18）、γ-干扰素（IFN-γ）、免疫球蛋白G （IgG）和主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）等免疫指标；分别以品种和品种来源地为因变量对检测结果进行比较分析。结果发现，以品种为因变量，无角道赛特羊的免疫水平最高，白藏羊的抗病性稍高于欧拉羊；以品种来源地为因变量时，本地绵羊品种的先天性免疫水平低于引进绵羊品种，对疾病的抵抗力较弱，除MCH、MCHC和RDW-CV外，无角道赛特羊在血液生化水平上均高于青海本地品种，说明无角道赛特羊是具有高抗病能力的优良品种。本试验为不同绵羊品种机体先天性免疫水平的研究提供了参考数据，对青海藏羊的选育工作和品种改良具有指导意义。

Study on the Innate Immunity of Local and Introduced Breeds in Qinghai Province

To explore the innate immunization level and breed characteristics of Qinghai local and introduced breeds,186 individuals of two local breeds (Euler and White Tibetan sheep) and one introduced breed (Poll Dorset sheep) were chose,and fresh blood samples were collected for routine blood test (WBC,RBC,HGB,HCT,MCV,MCH,MCHC,PLT,RDW-CV and LYM%);Serum was prepared to detect parameters of IL-1,IL-2,IL-6,IL-18,IFN-γ,IgG and MHC using ELISA-Kit,the comparative results were analyzed using different breed and breed origin as dependent variables.When breed was used as the dependent variable,Poll Dorset sheep contained the highest immune level and the disease resistance of White Tibetan sheep was slightly higher than that of Euler sheep.When breed origin was used as the dependent variable,the analysis results showed that the innate immunity level of local breeds was lower than that of introduced breed,the diseases resistance was weak.The blood biochemical level of Poll Dorset sheep was higher than local sheep except for MCH,MCHC and RDW-CV.This results provided reference data for the study of innate immunity of different sheep breeds,and had guiding for breeding and breed improvement of Tibetan sheep in Qinghai province.