山羊热应激研究进展

近年来，中国南方地区的山羊养殖数量逐年增加，规模化程度越来越高。但是，华南地区高温高湿的气候特点极易引起山羊的热应激反应，进而导致生产性能降低，阻碍了南方养羊业的快速发展。目前，在热应激调控方面，国内外学者的研究多集中于缓解热应激营养型添加剂的研发，热应激对山羊瘤胃微生物影响及瘤胃结构破坏已有一定的研究基础。未来有必要对衡量山羊是否处于热应激状态与热应激程度的评价指标进行系统研究，开展山羊热应激条件下分子应答机制、细胞因子和热应激蛋白（HSPs）的研究。作者重点从热应激对山羊行为及生理指标的影响、山羊热应激期的分子调控机制及热应激的防控措施等方面进行综述，旨在为华南地区开展山羊的规模化养殖及进行夏季热应激调控提供参考。

Research Advances on Heat Stress in Goats

In recent years,the number of goat farming in Southern China has increased year by year,and the intensive degree is becoming higher and higher.However,the climatic characteristics of high temperature and high humidity in Southern China can easily lead to the heat stress response of goats,which leads to the reduction of production performance and hinders the rapid development of sheep industry in the South.At present,in the field of heat stress regulation,most domestic and foreign scholars focus on the research and development of nutritional additives for relieving heat stress.And there is a lot of research on the effects of heat stress on the rumen microbial and rumen structure damage of goat,but it is still worthy of further research.In the future,it is necessary to carry out systematic research on the evaluating indicators of whether the goat is in the form of thermal stress and the degree of heat stress,and carry out the research on the molecular response mechanism,cytokines and HSPs under the heat stress condition of goat.The authors focuses on the effects of heat stress on goat behavior and physiological indexes,the molecular regulation mechanism of goat during heat stress period,and the prevention and control measures of heat stress.The aim of this paper is to provide references for carrying out large-scale breeding of goat in Southern China and the summer heat stress regulation.