广西畜禽产品中沙门氏菌血清型、耐药性及耐药基因调查

试验旨在了解广西部分地区畜禽产品中沙门氏菌血清型分布和耐药状况,以及β-内酰胺酶bla_TEM、bla_CTX-M基因和氟喹诺酮类抗生素耐药基因qnrA、oqxA、oqxB、aac（6'）-Ⅰ b-cr的流行情况。对沙门氏菌进行分离鉴定与血清型分型,采用K-B纸片法对其中随机挑选的80株分离株进行24种抗菌药物敏感性试验,并采用PCR方法进行耐药基因检测。结果显示,从零售生鲜畜禽肉中分离的176株沙门氏菌分属5个血清群,共26种血清型,主要优势血清群为B群60.23%（106/176）、E群18.75%（33/176）和C群15.91%（28/176）,主要优势血清型为德尔卑沙门氏菌35.23%（62/176）、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌11.93%（21/176）和伦敦沙门氏菌9.66%（17/176）。80株分离株对24种抗菌药物均产生不同程度的耐药,其中对复方新诺明、林可霉素、利福平的耐药率最高,均高于90.00%,对青霉素、氨苄西林、阿莫西林、强力霉素、头孢拉啶、头孢氨苄、头孢曲松、头孢他啶、头孢噻肟、阿奇霉素的耐药率介于50.00%~90.00%之间,对环丙沙星、氧氟沙星、氟苯尼考的耐药率小于10.00%;所有分离株均为多重耐药株,其中最少为2重耐药,最多为17重耐药,多重耐药性主要集中在10~16重耐药,共占总数的78.75%（63/80）。PCR结果显示,80株分离株各基因的检出率分别为：bla_TEM 98.75%（79/80）、bla_CTX-M 26.25%（21/80）、oqxA 26.25%（21/80）、oqxB 21.25%（17/80）、qnrA 16.25%（13/80）、aac（6'）-Ⅰb-cr 50.00%（40/80）。结果表明,广西畜禽产品源沙门氏菌血清型呈多样性分布,分离株的耐药情况严重,临床日益严重的耐药现象与耐药基因的普遍存在有很大的关系。

Investigation on Serotype,Drug Resistance and Drug Resistance Gene of Salmonella in Livestock and Poultry Products of Guangxi

To investigate the serotype distribution and drug resistance with the prevalence of resistance genes (bla_TEM,bla_CTX-M,oqxA,oqxB,qnrA and aac(6')-Ⅰb-cr) of Salmonella isolated from livestock and poultry products in Guangxi,Salmonella and its serotype were detected.Antibiotic resistance of 80 isolates to 24 kinds of antibiotics were determined by antibiotic susceptibility test according to the K-B method.PCR was used to detected the drug resistance genes.The results showed that 176 strains of Salmonella belonged to 26 serotypes of 5 serogroups.The main dominant serogroups were B,E and C groups with the prevalence rates of 60.23%(106/176),18.75%(33/176) and 15.91%(28/176),respectively.The main dominant serotypes were S.Derby,S.Typhimurium and S.London with the prevalence rates of 35.23%(62/176),11.93%(21/176) and 9.66%(17/176),respectively.The 80 isolated strains showed different resistance levels to the 24 kinds of antibiotics.The resistance rates to sulfamethoxazole,lincomycin and rifamycin were higher than 90.00% followed by the resistance rates to penicillin,ampicillin,amoxicillin,doxycycline,cefradine,cefalexin,ceftriaxone,ceftazidime,cefotaxime and azithromycin were between 50.00% to 90.00%,the resistance rates to ciprofloxacin,ofloxacin and florfenicol were lower than 10.00%.All of them were multiple drug resistance as they resisted 2 kinds of antibiotics in minimum and 17 kinds of antibiotics in maximum and majority of them resisted 10 to 16 kinds of antibiotics which accounted for 78.75%(63/80).PCR results showed that the prevalence rates of bla_TEM,bla_CTX-M,oqxA,oqxB,qnrA and aac(6')-Ⅰb-cr genes were 98.75%(79/80),26.25%(21/80),26.25%(21/80),21.25%(17/80),16.25%(13/80) and 50.00%(40/80),respectively.The results indicated that in Guangxi,serotypes of Salmonella in animal products were distributed in a variety of ways.The drug resistance of the isolated strains were very serious,and there was a great relationship between the drug resistance and the prevalence of drug resistance genes.