豫东潮土区夏玉米高产创建简化施肥技术应用效果

为实现豫东潮土区夏玉米高产和简化施肥，采取田间试验示范研究了专用缓释肥对夏玉米产量、经济效益及抗逆性的影响。周口市商水县潮土区试验点的结果表明：缓释氮比例占45%的专用缓释肥有利于提高千粒重和穗粒数，较习惯施肥，千粒重提高28 g，穗粒数增加16 粒。缓释肥促进了夏玉米对养分的吸收利用，可维持土壤氮素养分平衡，增产增效显著，较习惯施肥，应用缓释肥暨种肥同播技术，增产13.5%，增效1920 元/hm2；较普通肥料增产10.3%，增效1215 元/hm2。该研究为周口市大面积在玉米生产上推广缓释肥提供依据。

Application Effect of Summer Maize High Yield Establish and Fertilization Simplify Technology in Moisture Soil Area in Eastern Henan

In order to achieve summer maize high yield and fertilization simplification in moisture soil area in eastern Henan, the effect of slow release fertilizer on summer maize yield, economic benefit and stress resistance was analyzed by field experiment and demonstration. The results of test in Shangshui and Zhoukou showed that slow release fertilizer with nitrogen proportion accounting for 45% could increase thousand seed weight and kernels number per spike, compared with that under traditional fertilization, the thousand seed weight increased by 28 g, kernels number per spike increased by 16. Slow release fertilizer promoted the absorption of nutrients of summer maize, and it could maintain the balance of nitrogen nutrient in soil, it had significant yield and efficiency increasing effect; compared with traditional fertilization, the application of slow release fertilizer (seed and fertilizer applied in the same time) increased the yield by 13.5%, increased the benefit by 1920 yuan/hm2; compared with normal fertilizer, the slow release fertilizer increased yield by 10.3%, increased the benefit by 1215 yuan/ hm2. The study provided reference for the promotion of slow release fertilizer in Zhoukou.