中医症状量化方法及其临床应用述评

中医症状的描述由定性化向定量化发展，使之客观化、标准化，是临床和科研的现实需要。通过对相关研究整理发现，目前对中医症状的量化方法可归纳为三大类，即：（1）对症状轻重的量化（包括分级赋分法、likert等级法、量表法、视觉模拟刻度法等）；（2）对症状诊病辨证主次地位的量化（包括主观赋权法、客观赋权法及主客观联合赋权法等）；（3）对症状轻重主次的联合量化（包括症状加权积分法等）。本文对以上的量化方法和各自的优缺点进行了述评，以及对相关方法在临床中的实际应用做了相关描述。目前中医症状量化方法在临床应用中还不够广泛，仍有诸多问题需要探讨和解决，应该在保持中医特色的前提下，与多学科相结合，并利用现代科技，寻找出更合适的量化方法，更好的服务于临床与科研。

Review in Quantitative Methods of TCM Symptoms and Clinical Application

TCM symptoms with objectivity and standardization is the actual needs in clinical and scientific research that they are transformed from qualitative to quantitative analysis. This article will quantization symptoms divided into three categories by collecting some related research:(1) Quantifing the severity of symptoms (grading scoring methods, likert ranking method, scaling method, visual simulation scaling method etc.; (2) Quantifing the status of symptoms in medical consultasion and distinguish syndrome (subjective weighting method, objective weight method, subjective combined with objective weight method); (3) Joint quantifing the severity and status of symptoms (TCM symptom weighted score method). This paper reviewed the mentioned weight methods, and their advantages and disadvantages. The application of the various methods in clinic were described. Currently, TCM symptom weight methods, which have some problems to be investigated and figured out, are not used widely. We shoud seek mostly probable quantitative methods on the basis of keeping TCM characteristics, multi-disciplinary combination and taking advantage of modern science and technology, and provide a better service to clinical and scientific research.