冀东平原水稻大田生产营养元素限制因子研究

通过冀东平原水稻土壤氮、磷、钾、锌、硼等大量和微量元素对水稻产量的影响进行研究,阐明了养分限制因子,提出了增产措施。按照NY/T 497—2002《肥料效应鉴定田间试验技术规程》,采用田间小区肥料试验方法,对氮、磷、钾、铜、铁、锰、锌、硼、钼九种营养元素进行缺素对比,找出限制因子。施用氮肥比对照增产明显,产量差异极显著,说明氮肥是影响水稻产量的主要限制因子;除氮肥外,其他肥料作用与全素比较差异不显著,说明还不是限制因子;缺氮处理与对照比产量差异不显著,说明在氮素缺失情况下,其他肥料综合作用不明显。通过对水稻营养元素限制因子的研究,初步了解了水稻生产中各种营养元素对产量的影响,为今后水稻科学施肥奠定了基础。

Study on Nutrition Elements Limiting Factors in Rice Field Output in Jidong Plain

By analyzing the effects of a number of macro elements and trace elements in the rice soil in Jidong plain on the rice yield,nutrient limiting factors were illustrated and production promoting measures were proposed.In accordance with technical regulations of fertilizer effect appraisal on field test,limiting factors were found by comparing deficiency among nine nutrient elements,e.g.,nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,copper,iron,manganese,zinc,boron,molybdenum.After using nitrogen,the rice output was increased significantly,and significant yield differences were found,which suggested that nitrogen was one of the main limiting factors.Except nitrogen,the effects of other fertilizers were not remarkable in comparison with entire element,which showed they were not the limiting factors.The output was not affected in the experiments of lacking nitrogen,which suggested that the other fertilizers had no significant influences in the case of lacking nitrogen.By studying the limiting factors in rice nutrient elements,the impacts on the rice output were understood,providing the foundation for the future rice scientific fertilization.