试论世界桉树栽培现状和我国桉树人工林发展策略

桉树是世界上热带、亚热带地区最重要的人工林树种之一,其面积已超过600万ha。文中着重介绍了巴西发展按树的经验,并提出了我国应采取的对策。

On the Strategy to Develop Plantations with Eucalypts in Southern China

Recent development of planting eucalypts in the tropics and subtropics of the world is reviewed, mainly outlining the experience of growing eucalypts in short rotation for the pulp industry in Brazil. There have been over 400 000 ha plantations established with Eucalyptus spp. and about 600 million individul trees planted for four-around plantings over southern China. Early introduction of Eucalypts in China has no any recordson seed sources. The main species currently being used are E. exserta, E.citriodora and E. globulus ssp. globulus, ssp. maidenii with poor genetic quality and rather low wood yielding. Trials of species and provenances have not been done until the last few years. At present, E. grandis, E. sali-gna, E. urophylla, E. viminalis, E. nitens, E. globulus ssp. globulus and its closely related species, E. camaldulellsis and E. tereticornis are being tested in different locations with a number of provenances. Based on the results from the trials, a strategy to develop plantation forestry with eucalypts should be made with emphases on the selection of species and provenances, tree breeding and seed introduction, vegetative propagation and mangement regime using short rotation. It could be expected that total production of commercial timber of eucalypts would reach five to nine million cubic meters in the whole nation by the end of this century.