夏大豆荚粒形成特性研究

对中黄13、SK12等7个品种（系）不同节位分枝、结荚特性分析研究，结果表明：主茎自3节开始结荚，荚粒占70％以上，随节位呈抛物线变化。分枝着生在3—8节，呈正态分布；分枝荚粒随节位上升直线下降。分枝数、主茎荚粒与单株生产力正相关。对中黄13豆荚长、宽、厚度动态变化和豆荚、籽粒质量变化分析研究，结果表明：豆荚长、宽度先期同步快速增长，达到恒定值后则趋于稳定；厚度先缓增后降，顶部开花40d左右最大。籽粒体积随着豆荚厚度增减而增减。鲜荚质量变化可用e的二次多项式指数曲线描述，豆荚、籽粒和百粒干物质积累可拟合直线和Logistic曲线，荚壳质量变化为抛物线。因此高产栽培要保花增荚增粒。

Pod and Seed Formation Characteristics in Summer Soybean

Seven varieties （or lines） of differing in branches, podding characteristics was researched, the results showed that： pods formation started from the 3z node onward in the main stems, and accounted for more than 70% with a parabolic variation. Most pods in branches were normally distributed at 3-8 nodes. Number of branches, pod number in main stem were positively correlated with per plant productivity. The pod length, width developed rapidly in the initial stage with synchronization and reached a constant value afterwards, while the pod thickness increased and then declined with the greatest around 40 d after flowering for the top flower. The seed volume increased or decreased with pod thickness. The change of fresh pod quality can be described by e quadratic polynomial curve, and the lO0-seed dry matter fitted line and Logistic curve, while pod shell quality was parabola. Therefore, protecting flowers, increaseing podand seed number are important for high yield in soybean.