根系分区交替灌溉条件下水肥供应对番茄可溶性固形物含量的影响

【目的】研究根系分区交替灌溉条件下灌水量和氮、磷、钾肥及有机肥用量对番茄果实中可溶性固形物含量的影响。【方法】在根系分区交替灌溉条件下，采用五元二次正交旋转组合设计，通过盆栽试验，建立可溶性固形物含量与水肥因子的数学模型，并对各单一因素及两两因素的耦合效应进行分析。【结果】在其它因子为中间水平时，番茄果实中的可溶性固形物含量，随灌水量增加呈线性减小趋势；随施氮量、施钾量和有机肥用量的变化，均表现为线性增长，但不随施磷量而变化。交互效应表现为，施氮量与有机肥用量，施磷量与灌水量、施钾量及有机肥用量呈正交互作用，施氮量与施磷量为负交互作用，其中以施磷量与施钾量的交互效应最大。【结论】灌水量过高不利于可溶性固形物含量的增加，合理增施氮、钾、有机肥和磷肥均可有效提高果实的可溶性固形物含量。

Effects of Water and Fertilizers Applied on the Soluble Solid Content in Tomato Under Alternate Partial Root-Zone Irrigation

【Objective】 The effects of irrigation amount and fertilizer rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and manure on the soluble solid content of tomato were investigated in a pot experiment under alternate partial root-zone irrigation. 【Method】Quadratic orthogonal regressive rotation design with five factors was used. A regression model on water and fertilizer and soluble solid content in tomato was established. Single and coupling effects were analyzed. 【Result】 The results showed that if other factors were zero codes, the soluble solid content in tomato decreased linearly with irrigation amount, while increased linearly with the fertilizer rates of N, K or manure, but it was not affected by P fertilizer rate. The interaction effects between N fertilizer and manure rate, P fertilizer rate and irrigation amount, K fertilizer or manure rates were presented positive correlation, while they were negatively correlated with N and phosphorus fertilizer rates, in which the interaction effect between P and K fertilizer rate was the largest. 【Conclusion】 It was concluded that heavy irrigation was not of benefit to the soluble solid content in tomato, and proper application of fertilizers of N, P, K, or manure could raise the soluble solid content in tomato effectively.