黑色地膜对甘薯光合作用及叶绿素荧光特性的影响

为了揭示黑色地膜影响甘薯产量的光合机理，试验以‘烟薯25’为材料，进行了覆盖黑色地膜和不覆膜(CK)的处理，研究黑色地膜对甘薯光合作用和叶绿素荧光特性的影响。结果表明，覆盖黑色地膜使甘薯的Pn和Cond值显著提高(P＜0.05)，二者呈直线正相关性；Ic、Isat和Pmax值也显著提高。随着光强的不断增加甘薯的ETR、PCR和qP值逐渐变大，PhiPS2、Fv′/Fm′和NPQ值逐渐变小；当光强大于1500μmol/(m²·s)时，黑色地膜使甘薯的荧光参数值(ETR、PCR、PhiPS2、Fv′/Fm′和qP)显著提高，NPQ值则降低；黑色地膜甘薯的鲜重和干重分别提高40%和31%以上。因此，覆盖黑色地膜可显著提高甘薯在强光下吸收光子效率及其供给效率，进一步加强了甘薯能量转化速率和对强光环境的适应能力，最终提高甘薯光合生产能力。

Effects of Black Film on Photosynthesis and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters of Sweet potato

The paper aims to reveal the mechanism of photosynthesis of black film on the yield of sweet potato. Taking‘Yan Shu 25’as test material, the author set black film and non-covered (CK) treatments to study the effects of black film on photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of the sweet potato. The results showed that black film significantly increased Pn and Cond values of sweet potato (P＜0.05), and both were positive linear correlation. Ic, Isat and Pmax values were also increased significantly. With the intensity increasing, the ETR, PCR and qP values of sweet potato gradually increased, and PhiPS2, Fv'/Fm' and NPQ values gradually decreased. When the light intensity was more than 1500 μmol/(m² · s), the fluorescence parameters (ETR, PCR, PhiPS2, Fv'/Fm' and qP) of sweet potato by the black film increased significantly, and NPQ value reduced. Fresh weight and dry weight of sweet potato covered by black film were increased by more than 40% and 31%, respectively. Therefore, black film can significantly improve the efficiency of absorption and purveyance of photon at high intensity, further enhance the conversion rate of energy and the adaptation to the high intensity environment, and ultimately improve photosynthetic capacity of sweet potato.