Spatial variability in grape yield and quality influenced by soil and crop nutrition characteristics |
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Authors: | J Arnó J R Rosell R Blanco M C Ramos J A Martínez-Casasnovas |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Agro-forestry Engineering, University of Lleida, Rovira Roure, 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain;(2) Department of Crop and Forest Science, University of Lleida, Rovira Roure, 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain;(3) Department of Environment and Soil Sciences, University of Lleida, Rovira Roure, 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain |
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Abstract: | Knowledge of spatial variability of soil fertility and plant nutrition is critical for planning and implementing site-specific
vineyard management. To better understand the key drivers behind vineyard variability, yield mapping from 2002 to 2005 and
2007 (the monitor broke down in 2006) was used to identify zones of different productive potential in a Pinot Noir field located
in Raimat (Lleida, Spain). Simultaneously, the vineyard field was sampled in 2002, 2003 and 2007, applying three different
schemes (depending on the number of target vines in different grape yield zones). The sampling carried out in 2002, which
involved different soil, topographic and crop properties (mineral contents in petiole), made it possible to evaluate the influence
of these parameters on the grape yield variability. The zones of lowest yield coincided with locations in which the nutritional
status of the crop exhibited the lowest values, particularly with respect to petiole contents of calcium and manganese. Sampling
systems adopted in 2003 and 2007 (grape quality and soil attributes) confirmed the inverse spatial correlation between grape
yield and some grape quality parameters and, more importantly, showed that the percentage of soil carbonates had a great influence
on grape quality probably due to the reduced availability of manganese in calcareous soils. Site-specific vineyard management
could therefore be considered using two different strategies: variable-rate application of foliar fertilizers to increase
the yield in areas with low production and also foliar or soil fertilizers to improve the quality specifications in some areas. |
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