基于土地利用变化的江苏省生态服务价值新评估

利用1996—2004年江苏省地籍数据,计算分析江苏省8年间生态服务价值变化,并提出了生态服务价值对经济发展的响应指标EG值。结果表明:江苏省生态服务价值由1996年的2 080.66亿元下降到2004年2 007.29亿元,下降了3.53%,减少了73.37亿元,下降的主导因素是湿地大面积直接或间接转变为耕地、水产养殖和建设用地。1996—2004年苏南生态服务价值增长,苏中、苏北下降。8年间江苏省每年EG值都小于0,说明江苏省经济增长对生态服务价值主要是负影响。苏南EG值变化范围较小,表示苏南地区人均GDP对生态服务价值的影响较小。苏中EG值2002—2004年呈增长趋势,说明人均GDP增长消耗的生态服务价值变小。苏北EG值从1998年开始呈现下降趋势,说明经济增长消耗的生态服务价值越来越多。

A new estimation of ecosystem service values of Jiangsu Province based on land use change

Based on the cadastral data of Jiangsu Province from 1996 to 2004, this paper calculated and analyzed the changes of ecosystem service values, and established the indicator (EG) of ecosystem service values in response to economic development. The results showed that the total ecosystem service values of Jiangsu descended from 208.07 billion yuan to 200.73 billion yuan during the period of 2001 and 2004, and the descending ratio was 3.53%, namely 7.34 billion yuan. The dominant factor of the decline was that the large area of wetlands translated directly or indirectly into arable land, aquaculture and construction land. The values of ecosystem service of southern Jiangsu increased but central and northern Jiangsu dropped from 1996 to 2004. During the 8 years, the EG value of Jiangsu was less than zero per year, indicating the economic growth in Jiangsu on the value of ecosystem services was mainly negative. The value of EG in southern Jiangsu changed in a small scope, indicating that in southern Jiangsu GDP per capita had very small effort on ecosystem services. The value of EG in central Jiangsu showed the increasing trend from 2002 to 2004, indicating that the GDP per capita growth consumed the value of ecosystem services fewer and fewer. Since 1998, the value of EG in northern Jiangsu showed a downward trend, indicating that economic growth consumed the value of ecosystem services more and more.