极端温度处理白杨雌花芽培育三倍体植株的研究

采用极端温度的物理方法处理毛新杨、银腺杨、银毛杨雌花芽 ,均可获得三倍体 .结果表明 :①雌花枝水培 1～ 5d期间是处理雌花芽的有效时期 ;②高温处理雌花芽检测出 10株三倍体 ,处理温度以 40 ,44℃有效 ,分别获得8株、2株三倍体 ,其中 40℃高温处理效果最佳 ;③低温处理雌花芽检测出 3株三倍体 ,4,- 2℃低温处理均有效果 ,分别获得 1株、2株三倍体 ,- 2℃处理效果较好 ;④处理时间分别为 :40℃高温处理水培 1～ 5d的花枝 3 ,5 ,7h ,44℃高温处理水培 2～ 4d的花枝 3h ;4℃低温处理水培 3d的花枝 2 4h ,- 2℃低温处理水培 2d的花枝 48h均有效 ;⑤所获三倍体植株在苗期具有巨大性和速生优势

Obtaining triploids by high and low temperature treating female flower buds of white poplar.

Triploids had been obtained by physical method treating female flower buds of \%P. tomentosa×P. bolleana, P. alba×P. glandulosa, P. alba×P. tomentosa.\% The resultes were as follows: ① It is a moderate treating time for female flower buds on the female flower branches which had been cultured in water for 1～5 days. This period of time was a sensitive phase of female gamete being treated. ② 10 triploids had been obtained by high temperature treatment, the treatment of temperature of 44 ℃ and 40 ℃ had produced 2,8 triploids respectively, the treatment result of 40 ℃ was better. ③ 3 triploids had been obtained by low temperature treatment, the treatment of 4 ℃ and -2 ℃ had produced 1,2 triploids respectively, the treatment of -2 ℃ was better. ④ Treating time was 3,5,7 hours when flower branches which were cultured in water for 1～5 days were treated by the temperature of 40 ℃, 3 hours by the temperature of 44 ℃, 24 hours by the temperature of 4 ℃, and 48 hours by the temperature of -2 ℃. ⑤Triploids have rapid growing, gigas and vigorous properties.