不同耕作处理结合施肥、秸秆还田对土壤微生物多样性的影响

为了探索不同耕作处理对土壤耕层和犁底层微生物数量及其多态性的影响，对吉林省公主岭周边和长春农安等地进行田间试验并采集土壤，通过室内实验对土壤进行PCR扩增以及DGGE图谱分析等研究。结果表明：不同耕作处理下，耕作层和犁底层土壤微生物均较农民常规耕作下土壤微生物种群结构多样性有所增加。通过DGGE图谱条带分析计算得出土壤香浓威尔多样性指数（香浓指数），显示在耕作层土壤中同一层面不同样地的微生物种群结构具有较高的相似性；不同样地同一深度的犁底层土壤微生物种群结构同样具有较高的相似性。通过该试验的研究最终得出结论：旋耕一体机配合作物根茬还田是增加土壤微生物种群结构多样性的最佳组合方式。

Effects on Different Tillage to Polymorphism of Microbial and Populations

In order to explore different cropping systems on soil tilth and plow number of microorganisms and their polymorphisms influence on the perimeter and Changchun,Jilin Gongzhuling City and other places to carry out an agricultural field trials and gathering,through laboratory experiments on soil for PCR amplification and DG-GE profiles and other research. The results showed that：different tillage system, the plow layer and soil microbes than conventional plow tillage increases soil microbial diversity by banding analysis of DGGE profiles derived soil Shannon-Weiner index （Shannon index） shows the arable layer of soil to the same level is not the same mi-crobial species with high similarity; plow the Shannon index was not Similarly, the same depth plow microbial high similarity. Passed the test for the study came to the conclusion supporting stubble field cultivator is to in-crease the number of microbial diversity and the best combinations.