四个地方种群绒螯蟹形态差异的比较研究

选取合浦水系和绥芬河水系的日本绒螯蟹与长江水系和辽河水系的中华绒螯蟹4个绒螯蟹种群，以辽河水系绒螯蟹(♂)与绥芬河水系绒螯蟹(♀)杂交后代为辅助研究对象，对它们的17个外部形态特征分别进行聚类和判别分析。聚类分析结果显示，绥芬蟹、合浦蟹、辽河蟹和杂交蟹聚为一组，长江蟹为单独的一组。判别分析亦可将长江蟹与合浦蟹、辽河蟹、绥芬蟹和杂交蟹分开，雌蟹整体判别率为74.2%；雄蟹整体判别率为75.4％。中国大陆绒螯蟹在长期的进化过程中，受环境影响较大，对原产地环境的依赖性极强，从而形成了不同的地方种群，这些地方种群在生长性能方面具有极强的地域性。日本绒螯蟹和中华绒螯蟹能自然杂交、可育，两者间不存在生殖隔离。

Comparative Studies on Morphological Differences among Four Local Populations of Mitten Crab

Morphological differences among two Eriocheir japonicus populations collected from Suifen River and Hepu River and two Eriocheir sinensis populations from Changjiang and Liaohe River were studied based on cluster analyzing and discriminal analyzing on 17 morphological characters , and the hybrids of Eriocheir sinensis (♂) × Eriocheir japonicus(♀) was also researched as an assistant subject. The result of cluster analyzing showed that the five populations can be divided into two groups:one group concluded Suifen,Hepu, Liaohe and the hybrids ,and the Changjiang population was single. The discriminal analyzing also separated samples from changjiang and the other four populations. The mean accurancy rate of discrimination of female crabs and male crab were 74.2% and 75.4％ . In the long period of process of evolution, the mitten crabs in China mainland gradually came into being different local populations which greatly rely on the geological environment around.These local populations possessed strongly regionality on the growth. Eriocheir japonicus and Eriocheir sinensis could hybridize and breed naturally, so reproductive isolation principles didn’t exist between them.