海湾泥、碱渣和粉煤灰作为园林种植基质的微生物学特性研究

以滨海盐土、扰动人为新成土（客土）为对照，就利用海湾泥、碱渣和粉煤灰作为城市园林绿化种植基质的土壤微生物特性进行了研究。结果表明，不同土壤条件下0～40cm土壤微生物数量差异极显著表现为防护林〉客土绿地〉滨海盐土，0～20cm土层微生物数量是20～40cm的3～4倍。在细菌、放线菌和真菌三大类群中，细菌占绝对优势，其次是放线菌和真菌。滨海盐土微生物的季节变化不大，防护林试验地和客土绿地微生物总数最多时均出现在秋季。芽孢杆菌的11个种在不同土壤条件下的生态分布明显不同，最常见的是蜡质芽孢杆菌、拟霉芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌和蜂房芽孢杆菌。放线菌主要是链霉属放线菌，包括链霉菌属的10大类群，分布最广的类群是灰褐类群、金色类群和青色类群。真菌分布有11个属，在不同土样中其组成的差异和生态分布也有着明显的差异。

Microbial Properties of Artificial Soil Mixed with Brackish Dredged Sediment, Caustic Sludge and Coal Ash

The microbial properties of artificial soil mixed with brackish dredged sediment, caustic sludge and coal ash were studied, with coastal solonchak and Turbi-Anthric Pfimosol as the control. The results showed that the microorganisms in 0-40 cm layer was significantly different. The microorganisms of 20-40 cm layer were 3-4 times more than those of 0-20 cm layer. Among bacteria, actinomyces and fungi, bacteria were absolutely dominated communities. The microorganisms in coastal alkali-saline soil changed a little at different seasons, but in shelter forest soil and foreign soil the microorganisms were the most in autumn. 11 species of Bacillus had different ecological distribution under different soil conditions and the most common were B.cereus, B.mycoides, B.subtilis, B.lieheniformis and B.alvei. Streptomyces actinomyces was the most and included 10 communities, among these, Griseofuscus, Aureus and Glaucus were distributed widely in each soil sample. 11 families of fungi were isolated. The dominant species of bacillus, actinomyces and fungi and the ecological distribution were markedly different in different soil samples.