福建中部3个野生蕉自然居群基于NTSYS和STRUCTURE软件的ISSR分析

为进一步完善福建野生蕉遗传背景研究,对采自福建省三明市和福州市的3个野生蕉自然居群共100份叶片样本进行ISSR分析,并结合NTSYS、STRUCTURE和POPGENE等软件,进行居群遗传结构和遗传多样性分析。结果表明:13条引物共扩增获得175个稳定、清晰的条带,平均扩增条带数为13.5个,扩增产物主要介于200~2 000 bp,其中总的多态性条带为158个,居群总多态性条带百分率为90.3%;通过NTSYS和STRUCTUR软件聚类分析发现,岩前、莘口和赤壁野生蕉共100份样本严格按照地理来源划分为3个大组,3个大组可进一步分别划分为3、3和4个亚组;采用POPGENE进行遗传多样性参数分析发现,野生蕉居群总的变异中,群体内变异大于群体间变异,野生蕉居群内存在丰富的基因交流,3个野生蕉居群总体多样性水平较高,从高到低依次为岩前、莘口和赤壁。说明福建野生蕉居群遗传结构具有相对独立的特点,水和人为因素在野生蕉群体演变过程中具有重要影响。

ISSR Analysis of 3 Natural Populations of the Wild Banana Distributed in the Middle of Fujian Province Based on NTSYS and STRUCTURE

To improve the studies of genetic background of wild banana in Fujian, 100 wild banana leaf samples were collected from 3 populations in Sanming and Fuzhou, and molecular marker of wild banana was conducted by ISSR technology combining NTSYS, STRUCTURE and POPGENE. The results showed that, 175 stable and clear bands were amplified by 13 primers, and 13.5 bands were obtained by each primer on the average. PCR products mainly presented between 200 bp and 2 000 bp, among which 158 bands were polymorphic, accounted for 90.3%. Clustering analysis of genetic structure indicated that 100 wild banana samples including Yanqian, Xinkou and Chibi wild banana were divided into three groups strictly according to geographical distribution. The three groups could be further divided into 3, 3 and 4 subgroups respectively. The parameters of genetic diversity revealed that variation within group was greater than that between groups among the total variation of wild banana populations which existed abundant gene exchange. There was a high level of genetic diversity in wild banana, and Yanqian wild banana present the highest, followed by Xinkou wild banana, Chibi wild banana as the lowest. This study showed Fujian wild banana possessed independent genetic structure, and that water, human beings played key roles in population evolution of wild banana.