大麦不同棱型组合主要数量性状的基因效应分析

以棱型有别的8个大麦品种杂交得到的9个组合的P_1、P_2、F_1、F_2、B_1和B_2为材料,用世代均数法或世代小区均数法估算了各组合9个性状的各类基因效应及效应平方和百分比,分析比较了二棱×二棱、六棱×六棱和六棱×二棱三种组合的各类基因效应的异同。结果表明,上位性基因效应对大麦的性状遗传具有重要影响;棱型基因对其它性状的遗传有明显的多效性效应,表现为对加性效应(d)的相对作用大小和对显性(h)、上位性效应的方向及相对作用大小有效应。结果认为,在大麦杂交育种中,不仅要考虑性状的遗传规律,而且要注意不同棱型组合的基因效应特点。

ANALYSIS OF GENE EFFECTS FOR MAIN QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERS IN DIFFERENT EAR鈥擳YPE CROSSES OF BARLEY

This paper is concerned in estimating gene effects of 9 quantitative characters in barley and finding the differences of gene effects betwween six—rowed x two—rowed, two—rowed x two—rowed and six—rowed x six—rowed crosses. Materials for the experment consisted of 8 different ear—type barley varieties and their 9 F_1 's and F_2 's hybrids, backcrosses B_1 's and B_2 's. Estimates of gene effect of. 9 crosses on 9 quantitative charactes, including d, h, i, j,l effects, together with their variances and percentage of squre sum, were obtained by Mather's generation mean analysis method. The results showed that there were significant epistatic gene effects in all crosses for the 9 investigated characters, Ear type gene had significant pleiotropic effects on the inheritance of other traits, including the relative role of additive gene effect (d), the relative role and direction of h,i, j,l ger(?) effects. This study indicates that both are very important in barley breeding to notice the genetic characteristics of traits and to attend to the speciality of gene offects in different ear type crosses.