新型复合氮-磷-硫阻燃剂对于竹基材料的阻燃效果研究

本研究采用低聚合度的聚磷酸铵（APP）与无水对氨基苯磺酸（ASA）通过离子交换反应制备一种用于竹基材料的复合阻燃剂——氮-磷-硫（N-P-S）复合阻燃剂。其原理为经脱水缩合的磷酸盐通过交联促使竹基材料表层炭化，同时成为强脱水剂及不燃气体覆盖竹材，从而隔绝或稀释氧气浓度达到阻燃的效果。试验结果显示，随着浸渍N-P-S时间的增加，竹材的载药量呈现出先上升后趋于稳定的趋势，浸渍24 h后竹材的阻燃时间达到207.69 s，是浸泡蒸馏水的3.25倍。N-P-S阻燃剂属于无卤的绿色环保新型阻燃剂，可为竹材阻燃改性提供研究经验。

Effect of a New Composite Nitrogen-Phosphorus-Sulfur Flame Retardant on Bamboo-based Materials

A new composite flame retardant for bamboo-based materials is prepared by ion exchange reaction with the ammonium polyphosphate (APP) with a low degree of polymerization and anhydrous p-aminobenzenesulfonic acid (ASA) in this study. The principle is that the dehydrated and condensed phosphates promote the surface carbonization of bamboo based materials through cross-linking, and at the same time become strong dehydrating agent and non-combustible gas to cover the bamboo surface, so as to isolate or dilute oxygen concentration to achieve the effect of flame retardant. The results show that with the increase of impregnation time in N-P-S, the drug loading of bamboo increases first and then tends to be stable. After 24 hours of impregnation, the flame retardant time of bamboo reaches 207.69 s, which is 3.25 times of that of distilled water. N-P-S flame retardant is a new type of halogen-free environmental friendly flame retardant, which can provide research experiences for flame retardant modification of bamboo.