不同种植年限日光温室土壤养分变化规律研究

通过田间调查与取样分析相结合的方法研究了日光温室的种植年限对土壤硝酸盐和土壤肥力的影响规律。结果表明,寿光日光温室土壤硝酸盐含量普遍较高,并且种植年限在1~6年内随着种植年限的增加含量逐渐增加,在0~60 cm土层的空间分布是从上到下含量逐渐降低,表层积聚严重。日光温室土壤速效N、P、K含量变化受施肥量影响很大,也随种植年限的增加逐渐提高,从而导致40~60 cm土壤速效N、P、K明显增加,对生态环境存在潜在威胁。日光温室土壤有机质含量随年限增加而迅速增加,但当超过一定年限（5年）时,其土壤有机质含量变化较小;在本试验条件下,日光温室栽培中土壤有机质含量尚未达到一级菜田土的标准。

Variation Laws of Soil Nutrients in Solar Greenhouses with Different Cultivation Ages

The effects of cultivation age on soil nitrate and fertility in greenhouse were investigated through field survey and sampling analysis.The results showed that the content of soil nitrate in greenhouse in Shouguang was relatively high,and gradually increased with the increase of cultivation age(1～6 years);it also gradually decreased with the deep of the 0~60-cm soil layer and was seriously accumulated in the top soil.The contents of soil available N,P and K in greenhouse affected greatly by the fertilizer rate,also gradually increased with the increase of cultivation age,so there was a significant increase in 40~60-cm soil layer,which brought about a potential threaten to the ecological environment.The content of soil organic matter in greenhouse rapidly increased with the increase of cultivation age and had not much change after the cultivation for 5 years.In this test,the content of soil organic matter in greenhouse did not reach the level of the first-class vegetable soil.