分子标记在木兰科植物研究中的应用

林木研究中常采用的分子标记技术主要包括RFLP、RAPD、AFLP、SSR及ISSR等。本文综述了这些分子标记技术的原理、优缺点。归纳总结了分子标记在木兰科植物中的应用研究进展:(1)利用RAPD、RFLP、cpDNA基因系列测定(psbA-trnH、atpB-rbcL、matK、ndhF)等分子标记在分子水平上对一些群体、个体进行了亲缘关系和分类研究;(2)利用RAPD、SSR和ISSR标记对一些群体、个体进行了遗传结构和遗传多样性研究;(3)采用DAF和RAPD获得了厚朴的DNA指纹图谱。分子标记在木兰科植物的其它方面的应用还很少。今后,除了继续对上述方面进行深入系统的研究外,还应充分运用分子标记技术,开展木兰科植物的分子遗传图谱、分子标记辅助选择育种、保育生物学等方面的研究。

Application of Molecular Marker Techniques in Magnoliaceae Research

Popular molecular markers in the forest include RFLP, RAPD, AFLP, SSR and ISSR. In this review, the principles, advantages, disadvantages of the various marker types were stated. The application of molecular marker techniques in Maganaliaceae research were summarized. It showed: (1) Polygenetic affinities and classification of some populations and individuals were researched by RAPD, RFLP and cpDNA (psbA-trnH, atpB-rbcL, matK, ndhF) sequence analysis; (2) Genetic structure and genetic diversity of some populations and individuals were researched by RAPD, SSR and ISSR; (3) Obtained DNA fingerprinting of Magnoliae officinalis by RAPD and DAF. Few works had been done with molecular markers to other aspects of Magnoliaceae researches. Besides further and systemic researches on these aspects, it is suggested that in the future more attention be paid on the application of molecular markers on Magnoliaceae researches in such aspects as molecular linkage map, assisted selection breeding, conservation biology etc..