萜烯同系物DMNT和TMTT的研究进展

近年来,学者对植物挥发性物质在功能和合成代谢方面的关注度越来越高。许多植物在被害虫侵袭后能够产生一些挥发性化学物质,而这些化学物质可以趋避害虫或吸引害虫天敌以达到间接防治害虫的目的。其中,(E)-4,8-二甲基-1,3,7-壬三烯((E)-3,8-dimethyl-1,4,7-nonatriene,DMNT)和(E,E)-4,8,12-三甲基-1,3,7,11-十三碳四烯((E,E)-4,8,12-trimethyltrideca-1,3,7,11-tetraene,TMTT)在高等植物中广泛存在。这2种物质能够在植物受植食性昆虫侵害后诱导产生,并起到吸引相应的害虫天敌前来从而达到控制害虫的作用。同时,它们还具有吸引授粉昆虫、诱导邻近植物防御反应和趋避害虫等功能。本文主要从这2种物质的发现、生态学功能、生物合成、研究展望与应用前景等方面进行探讨,综述近年来植物中DMNT和TMTT的研究进展。

The recent research progress on DMNT and TMTT in plants

Many plants could produce volatile chemicals after being attacked by pests, and these chemicals could avoid pests or attract natural enemies of pests to achieve the control of pests. Among them, DMNT ((E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene) and TMTT ((E,E)-4,8,12-trimethyltrideca-1,3,7,11-tetraene) were present in the most of higher plants and they could be induced when the plant was attacked by herbivore, and attracting corresponding natural enemies of pests to control pests. Meanwhile, they also had functions such as attracting pollinators, inducing defense responses of neighboring plants and avoiding pests. The discovery of these two substances, their ecological functions, biosynthesis and application prospects were discussed, and the progress of study on DMNT and TMTT in plants were reviewed.