植物疫苗鄂鲁冷特对番茄青枯病的田间防治效果

为了明确植物疫苗鄂鲁冷特对番茄育苗及其田间青枯病防治效果的影响,在番茄育苗基质中添加植物疫苗,测定处理后种苗株高、根系长度及出苗率;在田间种植共设疫苗袋装、沟施、浇灌及生防菌剂、化学农药和清水对照6个处理,对根系土壤的养分含量、植株的生物学性状及青枯病发病率进行研究。结果表明,植物疫苗处理分别能使番茄植株株高、根系长度和出苗率提高13.71%、68.20%和56.66%;疫苗袋装和沟施处理的番茄根系土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾和交换性钙含量均显著高于其它处理;疫苗袋装、沟施和浇灌均能显著提高番茄植株的株高、花数和产量,其中疫苗袋装处理效果最好,番茄产量最高为99.55 t/hm~2,对不同生育期的平均防治效果最高为93.47%。表明植物疫苗鄂鲁冷特的应用能育出壮苗,降低青枯发病率,提高产量。

Control effects of plant vaccine avirulent Ralstonia solanacearum against tomato bacterial wilt disease in the field

In order to clarify the effect of plant vaccine from avirulent strain of Ralstonia solanacearum to against bacterial wilt disease of tomato breeding and its control efficiency, the plant vaccine agent was added into substrate of tomato seedling, and seedling height, root length and emergence rate were measured. Six treatments were designed in greenhouse of tomato planting:i) plant vaccine agent with substrate in biodegradable bags; ii) plant vaccine agent with substrate in ditch; iii) plant vaccine agent watering; iv) biocontrol agent of Brevibacillus brevis; v) chemical pesticide; vi):water control. The effects of different treatments on the concentrations of main soil nutrients, plant biological characteristics and bacterial wilt disease incidence were compared. The results showed that plant vaccine agent increased plant height, root length and emergence rate of tomato by 13.71%, 68.20% and 56.66%, respectively. The treatments of substrates with plant vaccine agent in biodegradable bags and substrates with plant vaccine agent in ditch had higher contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and exchangeable calcium than other four treatments. The application of plant vaccine agent with three different methods significantly increased plant height, number of flower and yield. The treatment of substrates with plant vaccine agent in biodegradable bags had the highest yield of 99.55 t/hm², and the control efficiency was the best with 93.47%. The results suggested that the application of plant vaccine agent benefited tomato breed, increased seedling emergence rate, promote the growth of tomato plant and significantly decreased the incidence of bacterial wilt disease, and enhanced the tomato yield.