文冠果种子蛋白质提取及组分分析

探索文冠果种子蛋白质及其蛋白质组分的提取方法,采用凯氏定氮法及聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDSPAGE)进行分析,为文冠果种子蛋白的高效提取与开发利用奠定基础。结果表明,文冠果种仁的蛋白质质量分数为26.29%,经脱脂后其脱脂粉中蛋白质量分数为62.04%。采用连续分级提取法得到文冠果种脱脂粉中球蛋白、清蛋白、谷蛋白及醇溶蛋白组分的质量分数分别为26.38%、21.50%、2.49%和1.99%,并采用一次直接提取法可得到水溶蛋白、盐溶蛋白、醇溶蛋白与碱溶蛋白的提取率分别为34.63%、75.57%、7.26%和80.09%。采用碱溶酸沉法对脱脂后的文冠果种进行蛋白提取,蛋白质提取率达84.06%,得率为36.40%,可得到纯度为83.92%的蛋白粉。SDS-PAGE分析图谱表明文冠果种子蛋白的主要亚基分子质量分布在20～60ku,并计算得出4种蛋白组分的主要亚基分子质量,为文冠果蛋白组分的进一步研究提供依据。

Protein Extraction and Composition Analysis of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge Seeds

To promote the efficient extraction and utilization of protein in Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge seeds, we explored the extraction method of protein and analyzed its components of Xanthoceras seeds by using Kjeldahl method and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis.The results showed that the mass fraction of protein in kernel of Xanthoceras sorbifolia was 26.29% and 62.04% in defatted Xanthoceras seeds .Using a sequential extract method, extracted mass fraction of globulin, albumin, glutenin, and gliadin components in the defatted Xanthoceras seeds were 26.38%, 21.50%, 2.49% and 1.99%, respectively.Through a direct extraction method, the extraction rates of albumin, salt dissolved protein, prolamin and alkali dissolved protein were 34.63%, 75.57%, 7.26% and 80.09%, respectively.The alkali-solution and acid-isolation extraction method was used for protein extraction of defatted Xanthoceras seeds and the protein extraction rate was 84.06%, the protein yield was 36.40%, and purity of the protein powder was 83.92% .The SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the molecular weight of main subunits of Xanthoceras seeds protein was 20-60 ku, and main subunit molecular weight of the four protein components was also calculated.This method could provide an effectively technical basis for further research on protein components of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge.