| 施用生物炭对农田土壤N2O的减排效应 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵光昕,刘杏认,张晴雯,田秀平. 施用生物炭对农田土壤N2O的减排效应[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2018, 37(12): 2872-2880 |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵光昕 刘杏认 张晴雯 田秀平 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所, 北京 100081;天津农学院农学与资源环境学院, 天津 300384,中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所, 北京 100081,中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所, 北京 100081,天津农学院农学与资源环境学院, 天津 300384 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（41773090，31300375）；国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（2015ZX07203-007） |
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| 摘 要： | 生物炭作为一种土壤改良剂，在农田土壤氮素转化和温室气体减排等方面发挥着重要作用。本实验对不同施氮量的农田土壤添加生物炭，研究了其对N2O的减排潜力，为生物炭的固氮减排提供理论依据。于2015年6月18日至9月25日，利用盆栽实验研究了施用生物炭对农田土壤在不同氮肥用量下N2O排放的影响，实验共设4个处理：对照（CK）为不施氮处理、N1（200 kg·hm-2）、N2（400 kg·hm-2）和N3（600 kg·hm-2），各处理均施用土壤质量15%（W/W）的等量生物炭。结果表明，随着施氮量的增加，土壤N2O的累积排放量逐渐增加，N2和N3处理差异不显著，N2O排放系数逐渐降低，N1、N2、N3的排放系数分别为1.33%、1.27%、0.90%。Pearson相关分析表明，土壤孔隙含水量（WFPS）、土壤pH、土壤NO3--N和土壤微生物量氮（MBN）含量是影响N2O排放最主要的因素，其中土壤WFPS、土壤NO3--N和MBN含量与N2O排放通量之间呈极显著的正相关关系，土壤pH与N2O排放通量之间呈极显著负相关关系。生物炭的施用对农田土壤N2O具有巨大的减排潜力，并且生物炭与氮肥配施对土壤氮素有很好的固持作用。
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| 关 键 词： | 生物炭 氧化亚氮 硝态氮 铵态氮 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-05-28 |
Effect of biochar on N2O emissions from agricultural soil |
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| ZHAO Guang-xin,LIU Xing-ren,ZHANG Qing-wen and TIAN Xiu-ping. Effect of biochar on N2O emissions from agricultural soil[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science( J. Agro-Environ. Sci.), 2018, 37(12): 2872-2880 |
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| Authors: | ZHAO Guang-xin LIU Xing-ren ZHANG Qing-wen TIAN Xiu-ping |
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| Affiliation: | Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;College of Agronomy and Resources Environment, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China,Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China,Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China and College of Agronomy and Resources Environment, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China |
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| Abstract: | As a soil amendment, biochar plays an important role in soil N transformation and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The purpose of the experiment is to study the N2O emission reduction potential under different N rates with biochar addition, and to provide a theoretical basis for the reduction potential of biochar. A pot experiment was conducted from June 18 to September 25 in year 2015, and the effects of biochar on N2O emissions under different N levels in farmland soil were studied. The experiment consisted of four treatments with three replicates. The treatments were CK (non-N application), N1 (200 kg·hm-2), N2 (400 kg·hm-2), and N3 (600 kg·hm-2). A biochar amount of 15% (W/W) of the pot soil was applied to each treatment. The results showed that the cumulative N2O emissions increased with N rates. There was no significant difference between N2 and N3. The emission factors (EFs) of N1, N2, and N3 were 1.33%, 1.27%, and 0.90%, respectively, and the EFs decreased with increasing N rate. The correlation analysis showed that N2O fluxes were significantly positively correlated with soil water-filled porosity (WFPS), soil NO3--N content, and soil microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) (P<0.01), and that N2O fluxes were significantly negatively correlated with soil pH (P<0.01). The addition of biochar has great potential to reduce N gas loss. The combined application of biochar and N fertilizer has a good retention effect on soil N. |
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| Keywords: | biochar N2O nitrate nitrogen ammonium nitrogen |
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