生态肥与化肥配施对中筋小麦产量和品质的调节效应

为给生态肥的合理使用提供依据,采用生态肥与等量N、P2O5和K2O不同比例配施与传统施肥方式比较,研究其对中筋小麦产量、品质的调节效应.结果表明,不同肥料配置可使中筋小麦产量比常规施肥对照(CK)提高4.7%,综合各种因素,以29.7 kg/h生态肥与纯N、P2O5和K2O各45.23 kg/h的处理表现最好,比CK增产5.1%;同时可改善籽粒部分主要品质指标,其中吸水率和面筋指数分别提高1.8和9.0个百分点,稳定时间、湿面筋、蛋白质、沉淀值和降落值依次降低32.4%、0.4个百分点、1.7个百分点、2.7%和2.0%.其养分利用效率比对照提高2.1倍,单位货币产量比对照提高了1.14倍.改变传统的施肥结构,不但有利于提高中筋小麦产量,还有利于提高肥料效益,降低生产成本.

Regulation Effect on the Yield and Quality of Wheat by Composite Use of Eco-fertilizer and Chemical Fertilizer

This paper is to compare the effects on wheat yield and quality by different proportion composite fertilizer of eco-fertilizer and equal nitrogen,P2O5 and K2O.It shows that yield of treatments increases 4.7% than CK.The treatment of 29.7 kg/ha eco-fertilizer 45.23 kg/ha N 45.23 kg/ha P2O5 45.23 kg/ha K2O is better than other treatments and the yield increases 5.1% than CK.The water absorption and gluten index of wheat grain are 1.8 and 0.9 percentage points higher than that of CK,respectively.The stability time,wet gluten content,protein content,sedimentation value and falling number are reduced 32.4%,0.4 and 1.7 percentage points,2.7% and 2.0% than that of CK,respectively.The efficiency per kilo valid fertilizer increases 2.1 times than CK and the yield per yuan fertilizer increases 1.14 times than CK.The best treatment is 29.7 kg/ha eco-fertilizer 45.23 kg/ha N 45.23 kg/ha P2O5 45.23 kg/ha K2O.It is useful on yield and quality benefit and droping cost.